animal & plant systems

Question 1

xylem

Answer 1

transports WATER from the roots to the rest of the plant

Question 2

phloem

Answer 2

transports glucose from the leaves to the rest of the plant

Question 3

transpiration

Answer 3

the process of water movement through plants & release into the atmosphere

Question 4

phototropism

Answer 4

response to light

Question 5

geotropism

Answer 5

response to gravity

Question 6

thigmotropism

Answer 6

response to touch

Question 7

hydrotropism

Answer 7

response to water

Question 8

leafs

Answer 8

capture light for photosynthesis

Question 9

stomata

Answer 9

Small openings/pores in the leaf where water (transpiration) and respiratory gases (carbon dioxide and oxygen) can move in/out of the leaf

Question 10

guard cells

Answer 10

controls and regulated when stomata open & closes

Question 11

asexual reproduction in plants

Answer 11

Plants can reproduce by asexual (vegetative) means. Asexual plants are able to reproduce through structures such as rhizomes, plantlets, or runners. The new plants are genetically identical to the parent plant, unlike sexual reproduction.

Question 12

sexual reproduction in plants

Answer 12

Plants can reproduce sexually using structures found in the plant flower. The male reproductive structure
produces sperm cells (pollen). The female reproductive structures include the ovule that produces the egg cells (ova).

Question 13

pollination

Answer 13

The transfer of pollen from the anthers of a flower to the stigma of the same flower or of another flower. Flowers are bright and colorful to attract pollinators like bees. Pollination is a prerequisite for fertilization: the fusion of nuclei from the pollen grain with nuclei in the ovule. Fertilization allows the flower to develop seeds which then goes through germination ‐ the process in which a plant emerges from a seed and begins growth.

Question 14

positive feedback

Answer 14

keep increasing a response until the disturbance is over (ex: fever & childbirth)

Question 15

negative feedback

Answer 15

a check & balance system that will reverse the disruption or disturbance (ex: temperature, blood glucose levels)

Question 16

nutrient absorption

Answer 16

the body breaking down & absorbing nutrients from food

Question 17

biosphere

Answer 17

the part of the earth’s crust, waters,

and atmosphere that supports life including the entire earth and the living organisms that inhabit it

Question 18

ecosystem

Answer 18

biotic + abiotic things living together in an area

Question 19

community

Answer 19

2+ populations of different species living together

Question 20

population

Answer 20

a group of organism that belongs to the same group or species that live in the same geo area

Question 21

organism

Answer 21

living thing

Question 22

organ system

Answer 22

a group of organs that work together to perform a certain task

Question 23

organ

Answer 23

a group of tissues that serve a common function

Question 24

tissue

Answer 24

a group of cells that carry out a specific function

Question 25

cell

Answer 25

the smallest functional unit of life

Question 26

molecule

Answer 26

the smallest particle of a substance

Question 27

atom

Answer 27

the smallest part of an element

Question 28

integumentary

Answer 28

(skin) - protects the body, prevents water loss

Question 29

muscular

Answer 29

(muscles) - movement of the body, attached to bones

Question 30

skeletal

Answer 30

(bones) - support & protection of soft body parts/organs

Question 31

nervous

Answer 31

(brain, spinal cord, nerves) - controls mental & bodily functions

Question 32

endocrine

Answer 32

(pancreas, pituitary gland) - maintains homeostasis by releasing hormones

Question 33

circulatory

Answer 33

(heart, blood vessels) - transport of materials to & from body cells

Question 34

lymphatic

Answer 34

(spleen, thymus, tonsils) - remove dead cells & foreign bodies from body fluids

Question 35

respiratory

Answer 35

(lungs, trachea) - exchange of gases between blood & the environment

Question 36

digestive

Answer 36

(stomach, small intestine) - break down food for absorption into the blood

Question 37

urinary

Answer 37

(kidney, bladder) - control of water balance & chemical makeup of blood

Question 38

reproductive

Answer 38

(testes, ovaries) - production of sex cells