animal models-2 Flashcards
what question are you trying to answer when you do the conditioned place preference
does my new drug have abuse potential?
what maze is good for an initial test of memory and function
the Y-maze
what is the Y maze sensitive to (what 3 things can it test for)
- hippocampal damage
- gene manipulation
- amnestic drugs
what kind of test is good to know if the drug is rewarding or not
the conditioned place preference test
how many chambers in the conditioned place preference test
2
where will the animal go if given a CNS stimulant like cocaine in a conditioned place preference test
to the environment associated with the repeated administration
what are photocells used for in conditioned place preference test
they allow for automatation (they are in both chambers so maybe help with some consistency idk)
how can you compare the abuse potential of 2 drugs using conditioned place preference test
train rat with 1 drug, then substitute with another drug and see if it can substitute it well for the animal
what does the conditioned place preference test measure + where in the brain
positive reinforcing properties of a drug, actions that are at the level of the mesolimbic dopamine system
what are 4 drugs that cause place preference
nicotine
PCP
cocaine
diazepam
what kind of chamber is used for drug discrimination tests
operant chamber, like a skinner box
what signals the start of a drug discrimination session
red or green light
what are rats trained to do in drug discrimination (and in response to wait)
trained to press a lever in response to light (example, press right lever with green light)
what happens if the rat pressed the lever with light correctly
they get food pellet, reward
what do you do in the drug discrimination test after you established that light=lever=reward
inject with vehicle or drug before placing it in the chamber
does the saline or drug correspond to green light sessions
drug
does the saline or drug correspond to red light sessions
saline
in the drug discrimination tests, what are you pairing an event with (2 things, what first then after)
a reward, then drug or saline
what happens once the animal knows to press the right or left lever when given either drug or saline? (Whats the next step)
remove the light to see if the animal will press the lever with just drug input
how will you know if an animal thinks 2 drugs are the same in a drug discrimination trial
a drug that the rat perceives to be the same will result in right lever presses
does the drug have to be addictive to work in drug discrimination tests
no
what is required for a drug to pass as being similar in a drug discrimination test (even if its not addictive)
it has to generate a response that is different from your regular state
what is a drug detection procedure
the process of drug discrimination trail test thing
what is the elevated plus-maze / y-maze based on
the fact that rodents would rather be in the enclosed arms than in the open arms
what do they score/measure in the elevated-plus maze
the entries and time spent in the open arms vs closed arms
which arms in the elevated-plus maze gives more anxiety to rats
when they are in the open arms
what does anti anxiety drugs in the elevated-plus maze do to rat
increases the time in the open arms
do benzodiazepines work in the elevated-plus maze paradigm
yes
does buspirone work in the elevated-plus maze paradigm
no
which drug is expected to work in the elevated-plus maze but doesnt work
buspirone
what is mechanism of action of the buspiron
5HT1A antagonist
what is the vogel test (what happens in the procedure)
you punish drinking water with mild electrical shocks, then see how drugs can change their behaviour
what is the reason for performing the vogel test
fast screening of the potential anxiolytic properties of drugs
what reestablishes drinking responses in the vogel test
drugs with anxiolytic properties
does buspirone work in the vogel shock test
no
what does the water maze test for
learning and cognition
how is the water maze set up
large circular pool of water with a hidden platform, visual cues help them find it again
how many trials in the water maze is usually required to get to the platform quiz
2-3
how can we use the morris water maze to test for drugs and disease
see what can affect memory and learning, like benzos or cognitive enhancers
can brain damage inhibit the water maze results (and where is the damage important)
yes, mostly in the hippocampus
what are 2 treamtments for alzheimers
cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine
why is cholinesterase inhibitors used for alzheimers
they are designed to prevent the breakdown of ACh which is important for memory and thinking skills
why is memantine used for alzheimers
it regulates glutamate which serves to process, store and retrieve info
what was the point of using the radial arm mase
measure spatial memory
