Animal Diversity Flashcards
What types of animals would be considered sessile?
Sponges
Animals who move very little are?
Sedentary
If an animal has an endoskeleton, they are considered?
Vertabrates
If animals have an exoskeleton, they are considered?
Invertebrates
What kind of skeleton do worms and Echinoderms have?
Fluid filled cavities called hydrostatic skeleton
What are the only animals that are purely cellular?
Sponges
What are the 3 habitats that animals live in?
Fresh water, marine, land
Most animals with radial symmetry are either ________________ or _____________.
Sessile or sedentary
When animals can be divided into equal halves are considered?
Bilateral symmetry
Animals with bilateral symmetry normally are ____________ and __________________.
Mobile and show cephalization
What are the 3 germ layers?
Outer ectoderm
Middle mesoderm
Inner endoderm
What is encompassed in the outer ectoderm?
Body coverings and nervous system
What does the middle mesoderm encompass?
Skeleton and muscle (and everything else)
What does the inner endoderm encompass?
Digestive organs and intestine
What type of body cavity do acolamates have?
No body cavity
What type of body cavity do psuedocolomates have?
False body cavity
What type of body cavity do colemates have?
True body cavities
When blood flows through vessels that are seperated, what type of circulation system is it considered?
Closed circulation
When blood is just floating around, spilled out then absorbed, it is considered what type of circulation system?
Open circulation system
When a zygote undergoes rapid cell developments what is that called?
Cleavage
What is a hollow balls of cells called?
A blastula
When a blastula invaginates, it forms what?
A gastrula
The two layers of a gastrula are what?
And what do they differentiate too?
Ectoderm->must be skin or nerve cells
Endoderm-> can not be skin or nerve cells
What is it called when animal bodies are divided into parts?
Segmentation
What makes up phylum Porifera?
The sponges
Sponges can live in?
Marine and freshwater
What type of relationships do sponges have?
Parasitic and commensalist relationships
What are Ostia?
Tiny pores
What are osculum?
Large openings
What are the 3 types of cells in sponges?
Choanocytes
Amebocytes
Spicules
What are choanocytes?
Aka collar cells
Lines canals and chambers
Collar composed of micro villi
What are amebocytes?
Move w/psyuedopods
Clean pores
Differentiate into more specific cells
What are spicules?
Structural support for cells
What is a chalk sponge secrete?
Calcium carbonate
What does a commercial sponge not have?
No spicules-spongin only
What makes up phylum chidaria?
Jellyfish like creatures
What forms does class Hydrozoa take?
Medusa and polyp forms
What forms do class scynadoa take?
Only medusa form
What are the two layers of tissues in phylum chindaria?
Epidermis and gastrocnemius
What seperates the two tissue layers in phylum chidaria?
Me dogleg
If a animal is freeswimming, what type of form does it have?
Medusa form
If a animal is sessile or attached (in regards to phylum chidaria) what form does it take?
Polyp form
What do cnidocytes contain?
Contain specialized organelles called nematocysts for sting prey
How do animals in class Hydrozoa reproduce?
Can reproduce sexually -> hermaphrodidic
Can be asexual-> via budding
A colonial hydrozoan with a has filled bloat is a _______________.
Portuguese man of war
What are the three types of tentacles in a Portuguese man of war and what do they do?
Gastrozoid->feeding
Dactylozoid->capture
Gonadozoid->reproduction
Class schyphozoa is made up of?
Jellyfish
Box jellies are on what class?
Class cubozoans
Box jellies are all strong swimming _________ forms.
Medusa
Which box jelly is the deadliest?
Australian sea wasp
‘Flower animals’ are in what class?
Class anthozoan
What organisms have symbiotic relationships with organisms of class anthozoan?
Dinoflagellets
Hermit crabs
Certain fish
Where does a fringing reef form?
On new islands being formed
Where does a barrier reef form?
When an island has sunk and reef is on outside
Where does an atoli form?
Form when an oceanic island sinks below sea level but reef continues to grow
How do animals store their food?
As glycogen
Which germ layers will turn into muscle, skeleton, or support tissue?
Mesoderm
Which of the following planes bisects a human evenly?
Sagittal
Sponges are unique among animals because they _________________.
Have no tissues
A jellyfish dactylozooid is used for what?
Grabbing
What is the plane that cuts a worm into dorsal and ventral halves?
Frontal
