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VPH Lectures > Animal By Products and Specified Risk Material > Flashcards

Animal By Products and Specified Risk Material Flashcards

1
Q

Define “animal by-products”

A

An ABP is the entire body, part of an animal or a product of animal origin which is not intended for human consumption.
Once material becomes ABP it cannot revert to being a foodstuff

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2
Q

Give 4 reasons why animal by-products are controlled

A

Controlled to ensure:
1. Hygienic production of food
2. Not in the food chain
3. Human and animal health
4. They are safely and suitably handled and disposed of

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3
Q

Give 3 examples of food crimes

A

Falsifying export health certificates
Falsely conferring standards of hygiene onto other products
False or resigned animal identification

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4
Q

What is the difference between animal by-products and edible co-products

A

ABP - not intended for human consumption
ECP - intended for consumption after further processing
ECP can become ABP If they are not treated/processed

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5
Q

Who and what are in charge of animal by-products

A

FBO - in charge of complying with regulations
APHA - licensing and audit of APB plants
Local Authorities - Transporting ABP
OV - Supervision and enforcement

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6
Q

Name the 3 categories of Animal By-Products

A

Category 1 - highest risk
Category 2
Category 3 - lowest risk

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7
Q

Describe Category 1 ABP

A

For disposal only
All specified risk material (SRM)
Wild animals suspect of being infected with communicable diseases (human or animals)
Animals treated with prohibited substances
Animals containing residues of environmental contaminants
Dead pets, lab animal carcases and dead zoo animals

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8
Q

Describe Category 2 ABP

A

Unfit for human or animal consumption
Sludge from non-ruminant slaughterhouses
Residues of AUTHORISED drugs and contaminate but exceeding permitted level
Carcasses from animals which didn’t have AM or FCI (not containing SRM)
Presence of foreign bodies
Animals which die other than for human consumption e.g. disease control
Manure and digestive tract contents
Blood from any animal which hasn’t passed AM

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9
Q

Describe Category 3 ABP

A

Not for human consumption
Certain parts of animals if they have passed AM e.g. pig bristles, feet, blood of pig/poultry if passed AM, blood of ruminants if cases PM
Any PM rejections which don’t pose a threat to animal health e.g. liver with A. scum, F. hepatica, over scalded

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10
Q

Which category of ABP can be sold for pet food

A

Cat 3

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11
Q

What are the requirements of Category 3 products to be sold for raw pet food

A

Sampled for salmonella and Enterobacteria
Labelled as pet food only
stored/transported < or = 7 degrees

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12
Q

Describe the disposal route for Cat 1 ABP

A

Approved incinerators, pressure sterilisation
Followed by Permanent marking and landfill
Fuel combustion at approved plant
Burial at approved landfill (international waste only)

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13
Q

Describe the disposal routes for Cat 2 ABP

A

Same as Cat 1 plus:
Can be used as fertilisers after processing
Can be used for fuel combustion or for cosmetics, medical devices and industrial technical uses

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14
Q

Describe the disposal routes for Cat 3 ABP

A

Same as 1 and 2 plus:
Pet food, technical plants, tanneries, bio-gas plants

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15
Q

What are the exemptions from normal disposal routes of APB

A

Can go for diagnostic, education or research purposes
Taxidermy
Most cat2 and cat3 can go for feeding zoo, circus animals, birds of prey, hounds

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16
Q

How must each category be labelled for ABP

A

Category 1: For disposal only,
Category 2 Nor for Animal consumption,
Category 3 Not for Human consumption

17
Q

How must ABP be stained

A

Cat 1 - blue dye
Cat2 - black dye
Must completely cover in dye
Cat 3 not stained

18
Q

What are the storage requirements for ABP

A

Leak-proof containers
Closely fitting lids
Labelled
Impervious, easy to clean and disinfect
Lidded and Separated from fit-for-human consumption products
Well maintained

19
Q

Who is in charge of making sure the categories are adequately identified, stored and transported

A

FBO

20
Q

Define specified risk material (SRM)

A

SRM is those parts of cattle, sheep and goats that are most likely to pose a risk of infectivity if the animal from which it comes from was infected with a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) disease.

21
Q

What counts as SRM in cattle of all ages

A

Tonsils
Last 4m of the small intestine
Caecum
Mesentry

22
Q

What counts as SRM for cattle over 12 months old

A

Tonsils, last 4m of SI, caecum, mesentery PLUS
Skull (excluding mandible)
Brain
Eyes
Spinal cord

23
Q

What counts as SRM for cattle over 30 months old

A

Tonsils, last 4m of SI, caecum, mesentery PLUS
Skull (excluding mandible), brain, eyes, spinal cord PLUS
Vertebral column excluding vertebrae of tail, spinous and transverse process of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and he median sacral crest and wings of the sacrum

24
Q

What does a red stripe on the label of an animal mean

A

This means over 30 months old and therefore needs vertebral column removing

25
Q

Where is the vertebral column removed

A

Only at authorised cutting plants

26
Q

What counts as SRM in sheep/goats under 12 months old

A

No SRM!

27
Q

What counts as SRM in sheep/goats over 12 months

A

Skull
Brain
Eyes
Spinal cord

28
Q

What groups of animals are tested/monitored for TSE

A

Cattle for and not for human consumption
Sheep and goats for ad not for human consumption
Infected flocks

29
Q

What sheep and goats are tested for scrapie

A

Suspect scrapie cases
Over 18 months old DOA/DIL in some abattoirs
Random sample of over 18 months old for human consumption sheep and goats

30
Q

How do they sample for testing of scrapie

A

FBO removes head
OV or trained MHI removes brain stem and cerebellum
Send to TSE testing lab

31
Q

What cattle do they test for BSE

A

Only test over 48 months AT RISK cattle:
All cattle which die or are killed other than for human consumption (fallen stock) aged over 48 months
All emergency slaughter animals or animals found sick at ante mortem inspection aged over 48 months.
Animals born before 1st August 1996 ( disposed as Cat 1 and tested for BSE)

32
Q

How do they test for BSE

A

Brain stem removed by trained FBO - supervised by OV
Sent to lab for testing
Carcase, offal and other by-products only released on receipt of a negative test

VPH Lectures (23 decks)

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