Animal 1

Question 1

characteristics of an animal?

Answer 1

heterotrophic
lack cell wall
eukaryotic
multicellular
capable of movement in some point/stage in their development
possess regulatory genes called hox genes (more in genetics yr2)

Question 2

functions an animal needs to be able to carry out

Answer 2

reproduce and develop
obtain nutrients and energy and transporting it throughout the body
gas exchange between internal and external environments
protection from external environment, pathogens
maintenance of water and solute concentrations in the internal environment
support and movement (skeletons, muscles)
coordination of body functions

Question 3

structure and function relationship

Answer 3

structure enables functions

structure constraints function

Question 4

molecules form _____

Answer 4

organelles

Question 5

organelles make up _____

Answer 5

cells

Question 6

cells make up ____

Answer 6

tissues

Question 7

tissues make up ____

Answer 7

organs

Question 8

organs make up ______

Answer 8

organ systems

Question 9

organ systems make up ______

Answer 9

organisms

Question 10

property of being alive emerges at the _____ level

Answer 10

cell level

ex: molecules not alive; emergent property pair

Question 11

each level of organisation has properties not exhibited by lower levels. This is called:

Answer 11

emergent properties

Question 12

all cells must be able to _________ with the environment

Answer 12

exchange materials

Question 13

how are cells able to exchange materials with environment?

Answer 13

direct contact with external environment

specialized system

Question 14

the fluid in animals that have closed circulatory systems

Answer 14

interstitial fluid

Question 15

breakdown of how material moves from cell to blood?

Answer 15

materiel from cell–> interstitial fluid–> blood

Question 16

the maintenance of a relatively stable environment is called:

Answer 16

homeostasis

Question 17

why is a stable environment important for a cell?

Answer 17

cells have conditions under which they function optimally
enzymes have certain pH and temperature optimum
large fluctuations would affect efficacy of carrying out these functions
protein structure
could denature
membranes
have to be certain level of fluidity
this changes with temperature

Question 18

homeostasis is achieved through _____ feedback normally

Answer 18

negative feedback (positive much more rare)

Question 19

a control mechanism which the responses opposes the original stimulus

Answer 19

negative feeback

Question 20

a control mechanism in which the responses reinforces the original stimulus

Answer 20

positive feeback

Question 21

the target for that particular parameter

Answer 21

set point

system attempts to maintain the set point

Question 22

change in the parameter is called a :

Answer 22

stimulus

Question 23

receptor that perceives the change in the parameter:

Answer 23

sensor

Question 24

sensor passes info here, control center decides what to do about stimulus/ determines the response

Answer 24

control center

Question 25

what physiological activity that was activated by control center

Answer 25

response