Angiology & Neurology Flashcards
What branches off the arch of the aorta?
Brachiocephalic Trunk, Left Common Carotid a. & left subclavian a.
What branches off brachiocephalic trunk
Right subclavian a.
Right common carotid a.
What branches off the left subclavian a.
From (left to right)
Vertebral a. Internal thoracic a. Thyrocervical trunk costocervivcal trunk Dorsal scapular a.
Formed by two branches from each vertebral a that unite in the midline
Produce sulcal a.
Anterior spinal A.
Supplies the anterior 2/3 of the spinal cord
Sulcal a.
Paired arteries from the veretebral a.
May arise from the posterior inferior cerebellar a.
Posterior spinal a.
What does the sulcal a. supply?
Anterior 2/3 of the spinal cord
The posterior spinal a. is supplied by
Posterior segmental medullary a.
Inferior thyroid a. supplies
Thyroid gland
Suprascapular a. supplies
Supraspinatus & infraspinatus Ms.
Deep cervical a. produces
Paraspinal a.
thryocervical trunk branches to
Inferior thyroid a.
Suprascapular a.
Transverse cervical a.
The transverse cervical a branches into
Superficial branch
Deep branch
If no branching occurs, it travels to deep surface of trapezius m.
Costocervical trunk branches into
Deep cervical a.
Supreme intercostal a.
Subscapular a. branches
Circumflex scapular a.
Thoracodorsal a.
What does the thoracodorsal a. supply
latissimus dorsi m.
Largest yet shortest branch of the axillary a.
Subscapular a.
Internal Iliac a. supplies
Pelvic viscera, gluteal region and perineum
Axillary a. branches
Superior thoracic a. Thoracoacromial trunk Lateral thoracic a. Subscapular a. Anterior Circumflex Humeral a. Posterior Circumflex humeral a.
Thoracic Descending aorta branches
Posterior intercostal a.
Subcostal a.
Abdominal descending aorta branches
Lumbar a.
Common iliac a.
Paraspinal Arteries
Dorsal branch Equatorial branches Periosteal branches Spinal branches Posterior vertebral canal branch Posterior radicular a. Anterior radicular a. Anterior vertebral canal branch Anterior spinal a. Anterior segmental medullary a. Posterior segmental medullary a.
Spinal branch branches
Anterior vertebral canal branch Posterior vertebral canal branch Anterior radicular a. Posterior radicular a. Anterior segmental medullary a. Posterior segmental medullary a. Great anterior segmental medullary a.
Anterior vertebral canal branch produce
Ascending and descending branches
Nutrient a.
What do nutrient a. supply?
Marrow cavity of the vertebral body
Posterior vertebral canal branch supplies
Vertebral arch
Anterior radicular a. supplies
The ventral roots of the spinal nerves
Posterior radicular a. supplies
Dorsal roots of spinal nerve
Paraspinal arterial sources
Vertebral a. Ascending cervical a. Deep cervical a. Posterior intercostal a. Subcostal a. Lumbar a. Ilioumbar a. Lateral Sacral a.
Dorsal branch supplies
The spinous proesses with periosteal and nutrient branches
Equatorial branches supply
The vertebrae
Periosteal branches supply
The periostum of the vertebrae
Injury at what vertebrae causes no function below the head, respirator necessary for life.
C1-C3
Injury at what vertebrae causes no function on limbs, respiration capable
C4-C5
Injury at what vertebrae causes loss of hand and variable upper limb function, may be able to propel a wheelchair
C6-C8
Injury at what vertebrae cause paralysis of both lower limbs
T1-T9
Injury in what vertebrae causes some thigh muscle function , may allow walking with long leg braces
T10-L1
Injury to what vertebrae cause most lower limb function present, may be able to walk with short leg braces
L2-L3
Where on the spinal cord does the lumbosacral enlargement start & end
T11 - S2
Spinal meninges (3 layers of tissue that cover the spinal cord)
Spinal dura matar
Spinal arachnoid matar
Pia matar
What is the outermost tough covering of the spinal meninges
Dura matar
What is the thin membranous intermediate layer of the spinal meninges
Arachnoid matar
What is the thinnest innermost covering of the spinal cord meninges
Pia matar
Spinal dura matar layer consists of
Epidural space Dura-arachnoid interface Spinal dural sac Dural root sheath Filum terminale externum
What is cervical enlargement and where does it start & end
Swelling of the spinal cord
C4-T1
Part of Spinal arachnoid matar layer
Subarachnoid space
Arachnoid trabeculae
Lumbar cistern
Parts of pia matar layer
Denticulate L.
Filum terminale internum
Where is lumbar puncture inserted
L3/L4 or L4/L5
How many cervical spinal nerves
8
How many thoracic spinal nerves
12
How many lumbar nerves
5
How many sacral spinal nerves
5
How many coccygeal spinal nerves
1
Anterior Rami in Cervical Spinal Nerves
Cervical Plexus (C1-C4) Brachial Plexus (C5-T1)
Posterior Rami in the cervical spinal nerves
Suboccipital N. (C1)
Great Occipital N. (C2)
Least Occipital N. (C3)
Anterior Rami in Thoracic Spinal Nerves
Intercostal N. (T1-T11) Subcostal N (T12)
Which are atypical intercostal N.
T1, T2, & T7-11
Which are typical intercostal N
T3-T6
Anterior Rami in Lumbar Spinal Nerves
Lumbar Plexus (L1-L4) Lumbosacral trunk (some of L4 & all of L5)
Posterior Rami for Lumbar spinal nerves
Superior Cluneal N. (L1-3)
Anterior Rami for Sacral spinal nerves
Sacral plexus (L4-S4) Coccygeal PLexus (some of S4 & all of S5)
Posterior Rami of sacral spinal nerves
Middle Cluneal N . (S1-S3)
What is the cauda equina
Bundle of anterior and posterior roots from the lumbosacral enlargement and medullary cone
Medullary cone tapers off at ____ and ends at
T12
L2
Back pain types
Fibroskeletal structures* Synovial Joints* Spinal Nerves & Nerve Roots Intrinsic Back Muscles Meninges
Fibroskeletal Structures innervated by
Recurrent Meningeal N.
Synovial Joints innervated by
Posterior rami
Joint pain is a result of
Osteoarthritis or disease arthritis
Fibroskeletal pain is usually a result
Of fractures & dislocation of ligamentous structures.
