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Anatomy > Angiology & Neurology > Flashcards

Angiology & Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

What branches off the arch of the aorta?

A

Brachiocephalic Trunk, Left Common Carotid a. & left subclavian a.

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2
Q

What branches off brachiocephalic trunk

A

Right subclavian a.

Right common carotid a.

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3
Q

What branches off the left subclavian a.

From (left to right)

A 
Vertebral a.
Internal thoracic a. 
Thyrocervical trunk 
costocervivcal trunk 
Dorsal scapular a.
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4
Q

Formed by two branches from each vertebral a that unite in the midline
Produce sulcal a.

A

Anterior spinal A.

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5
Q

Supplies the anterior 2/3 of the spinal cord

A

Sulcal a.

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6
Q

Paired arteries from the veretebral a.

May arise from the posterior inferior cerebellar a.

A

Posterior spinal a.

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7
Q

What does the sulcal a. supply?

A

Anterior 2/3 of the spinal cord

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8
Q

The posterior spinal a. is supplied by

A

Posterior segmental medullary a.

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9
Q

Inferior thyroid a. supplies

A

Thyroid gland

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10
Q

Suprascapular a. supplies

A

Supraspinatus & infraspinatus Ms.

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11
Q

Deep cervical a. produces

A

Paraspinal a.

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12
Q

thryocervical trunk branches to

A

Inferior thyroid a.
Suprascapular a.
Transverse cervical a.

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13
Q

The transverse cervical a branches into

A

Superficial branch
Deep branch
If no branching occurs, it travels to deep surface of trapezius m.

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14
Q

Costocervical trunk branches into

A

Deep cervical a.

Supreme intercostal a.

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15
Q

Subscapular a. branches

A

Circumflex scapular a.

Thoracodorsal a.

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16
Q

What does the thoracodorsal a. supply

A

latissimus dorsi m.

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17
Q

Largest yet shortest branch of the axillary a.

A

Subscapular a.

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18
Q

Internal Iliac a. supplies

A

Pelvic viscera, gluteal region and perineum

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19
Q

Axillary a. branches

A 
Superior thoracic a.
Thoracoacromial trunk 
Lateral thoracic a.
Subscapular a. 
Anterior Circumflex Humeral a. 
Posterior Circumflex humeral a.
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20
Q

Thoracic Descending aorta branches

A

Posterior intercostal a.

Subcostal a.

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21
Q

Abdominal descending aorta branches

A

Lumbar a.

Common iliac a.

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22
Q

Paraspinal Arteries

A 
Dorsal branch
Equatorial branches
Periosteal branches
Spinal branches
Posterior vertebral canal branch 
Posterior radicular a. 
Anterior radicular a. 
Anterior vertebral canal branch 
Anterior spinal a. 
Anterior segmental medullary a. 
Posterior segmental medullary a.
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23
Q

Spinal branch branches

A 
Anterior vertebral canal branch
Posterior vertebral canal branch 
Anterior radicular a. 
Posterior radicular a. 
Anterior segmental medullary a. 
Posterior segmental medullary a. 
Great anterior segmental medullary a.
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24
Q

Anterior vertebral canal branch produce

A

Ascending and descending branches

Nutrient a.

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25
Q

What do nutrient a. supply?

A

Marrow cavity of the vertebral body

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26
Q

Posterior vertebral canal branch supplies

A

Vertebral arch

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27
Q

Anterior radicular a. supplies

A

The ventral roots of the spinal nerves

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28
Q

Posterior radicular a. supplies

A

Dorsal roots of spinal nerve

29
Q

Paraspinal arterial sources

A 
Vertebral a. 
Ascending cervical a. 
Deep cervical a. 
Posterior intercostal a. 
Subcostal a. 
Lumbar a. 
Ilioumbar a. 
Lateral Sacral a.
30
Q

Dorsal branch supplies

A

The spinous proesses with periosteal and nutrient branches

31
Q

Equatorial branches supply

A

The vertebrae

32
Q

Periosteal branches supply

A

The periostum of the vertebrae

33
Q

Injury at what vertebrae causes no function below the head, respirator necessary for life.

A

C1-C3

34
Q

Injury at what vertebrae causes no function on limbs, respiration capable

A

C4-C5

35
Q

Injury at what vertebrae causes loss of hand and variable upper limb function, may be able to propel a wheelchair

A

C6-C8

36
Q

Injury at what vertebrae cause paralysis of both lower limbs

A

T1-T9

37
Q

Injury in what vertebrae causes some thigh muscle function , may allow walking with long leg braces

A

T10-L1

38
Q

Injury to what vertebrae cause most lower limb function present, may be able to walk with short leg braces

A

L2-L3

39
Q

Where on the spinal cord does the lumbosacral enlargement start & end

A

T11 - S2

40
Q

Spinal meninges (3 layers of tissue that cover the spinal cord)

A

Spinal dura matar
Spinal arachnoid matar
Pia matar

41
Q

What is the outermost tough covering of the spinal meninges

A

Dura matar

42
Q

What is the thin membranous intermediate layer of the spinal meninges

A

Arachnoid matar

43
Q

What is the thinnest innermost covering of the spinal cord meninges

A

Pia matar

44
Q

Spinal dura matar layer consists of

A 
Epidural space 
Dura-arachnoid interface 
Spinal dural sac 
Dural root sheath 
Filum terminale externum
45
Q

What is cervical enlargement and where does it start & end

A

Swelling of the spinal cord

C4-T1

46
Q

Part of Spinal arachnoid matar layer

A

Subarachnoid space
Arachnoid trabeculae
Lumbar cistern

47
Q

Parts of pia matar layer

A

Denticulate L.

Filum terminale internum

48
Q

Where is lumbar puncture inserted

A

L3/L4 or L4/L5

49
Q

How many cervical spinal nerves

A

8

50
Q

How many thoracic spinal nerves

A

12

51
Q

How many lumbar nerves

A

5

52
Q

How many sacral spinal nerves

A

5

53
Q

How many coccygeal spinal nerves

A

1

54
Q

Anterior Rami in Cervical Spinal Nerves

A 
Cervical Plexus (C1-C4) 
Brachial Plexus (C5-T1)
55
Q

Posterior Rami in the cervical spinal nerves

A

Suboccipital N. (C1)
Great Occipital N. (C2)
Least Occipital N. (C3)

56
Q

Anterior Rami in Thoracic Spinal Nerves

A 
Intercostal N. (T1-T11) 
Subcostal N (T12)
57
Q

Which are atypical intercostal N.

A

T1, T2, & T7-11

58
Q

Which are typical intercostal N

A

T3-T6

59
Q

Anterior Rami in Lumbar Spinal Nerves

A 
Lumbar Plexus (L1-L4) 
Lumbosacral trunk (some of L4 & all of L5)
60
Q

Posterior Rami for Lumbar spinal nerves

A

Superior Cluneal N. (L1-3)

61
Q

Anterior Rami for Sacral spinal nerves

A 
Sacral plexus (L4-S4) 
Coccygeal PLexus (some of S4 & all of S5)
62
Q

Posterior Rami of sacral spinal nerves

A

Middle Cluneal N . (S1-S3)

63
Q

What is the cauda equina

A

Bundle of anterior and posterior roots from the lumbosacral enlargement and medullary cone

64
Q

Medullary cone tapers off at ____ and ends at

A

T12

L2

65
Q

Back pain types

A 
Fibroskeletal structures* 
Synovial Joints*
Spinal Nerves & Nerve Roots 
Intrinsic Back Muscles 
Meninges
66
Q

Fibroskeletal Structures innervated by

A

Recurrent Meningeal N.

67
Q

Synovial Joints innervated by

A

Posterior rami

68
Q

Joint pain is a result of

A

Osteoarthritis or disease arthritis

69
Q

Fibroskeletal pain is usually a result

A

Of fractures & dislocation of ligamentous structures.

Anatomy (12 decks)

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