anesthetic equipment Flashcards
Face mask allows for
pre-oxygentation
Characteristics of induction chamber (bad and good)
time consuming, cumbersome, stress if pungent gas odor, pollution, useful in uncooperative patients, stress free (hands off)
Advantages of ET intubation
secure patent airway, airway protection, efficient delivery of anesthetic gas, less anesthetic gas pollution, efficient mechanical/manual ventilation
Disadvantages of ET intubation
requires skill, requires equipment, requires deep anesthesia, possible trauma to larynx, trachea, and vocal fold, stimulates autonomic response – vagal sympathetic, species-specific condition
Complications of ET intubation
ET tube too long (mechanical dead space), ET tube too short, cuff over-inflated, occlusion, obstruction, and kinking, esophageal intubation, laryngospasms.
How to detect ESOPHAGEAL intubation
no condensation on ET tube with each breath, reservoir bag does not move when chest moves, no chest inflation when bag is squeezed, visual inspection with laryngoscope to see ET tube placement, ‘double tube’ may be felt when palpating neck, patient wakes up despite anesthetic gas delivery.
Species prone to laryngospasm
cats, pigs, rabbits, primates
Length of ET tube (placement in animal)
adapter at incisor level, tip not past thoracic inlet
Cuff pressure can be measured – mac recommended pressure
20-25 cm H2O
max possible concentration of molecules in gaseous phase at a specific temp
SVP
pressure exerted by the gaseous phase in the container at equilibrium
Vapor pressure
the higher the SVP at a specified temp, the more volatile the agent, the higher the
concentration of molecules in gaseous phase
SVP is important for possibility of
anesthetic overdose
______ have high blood:gas partition coefficient
Soluble agents
______ have a low blood:gas partition coefficient
Insoluble agents
