Anemias Flashcards
What kind of anemias does some one have with a low H/H and a decreased MCV?
IDA Chronic Blood Loss Chronic Infection/ Inflammation Sideroblastic Thalassemia
What kind of anemia does some one have with a low H/H and a increased MCV?
Megaloblastic Anemia
What kind of anemias does some one have with a low H/H and a normal MCV?
Aplastic Anemia PRBC Aplasia Congenital Dysterythropoietic Anemia Acute Blood Loss Anemia Renal Disease Anemia Endocrine Disease Anemia Myelophthisis Anemia Prophyria Cancer
What is FEP?
Free Erythrocyte Proteprotin
What is TIBE?
Total Iron Binding Compasity
What is the General Characteristics for a Megaloblastic Anemia?
Hyper-seg H-J Bodies Basophilic Stippling Cabot Rings Dacryocytes Low Retic Asymchronism Pancytoprnia High RDW High MCV (100-150fL usually 120fL) Megaloblastic Erythroid Hyperplasia Giant Metamyelocytes
What does Megaloblastic Madness resemble?
It resembles the symptoms of a stroke.
What are the 5 types of Megaloblastic Anemias?
Vitamin B12 deficiency Folate deficiency Pernicious Anemia Diphyllobothrium latum (Fish Tapeworm) Steatorrheas
What is a Non-Megaloblastic Anemia?
Liver disease
What type of Megaloblastic Anemia is found most common in pregnancy?
Folate Deficiency
What type of Megaloblastic Anemia is found most in nutritional problems. And why is this one more rare then Folate?
B12 Deficiency and is stored up in the body so a person has enough for several years.
What age group of does PA usually found in?
40-60 year olds
Why is PA the worst Megaloblastic Anemia?
Because it is an Autoimmune Anemia that affects the Intrinsic Factor.
What does Fish Tapeworm do to a person?
It affects Intrinsic Factor’s ability to bind with B12.
What is Steatorrheas?
Low vitamin B12 and Folate.
What are the Chem test that are seen in PA?
Low B12
Normal Folic Acid
High LDH
What is the Schillings Test?
It distinguishes PA from other B12 deficiencies.
How do u treat PA?
Intramuscular injections of B12.
Perital Cells are not working in what type of Anemia?
PA
What serological test are ran to diagnose PA?
Alfa IF
Alfa par cell Ab
What is Achlorhydria and why is it found in PA?
Lack of free HCL in the stomach secretions, even after histamine stimulation.
Progressive loss of parietal cells with their secretory products, H+ and intrinsic factor.
How can someone know if a person has PA by using the Shillings Test?
If the patent has digested all the B12 in the 2nd phase.
What is the most common form of anemia among long-term hospitalized patients?
Chronic Infection / Inflammation Anemia
What is Lactoferrin and what does it do to stop bacteria.
It is a protein that binds iron so bacteria is not able to use it, but once it is changed the body can no longer use it.
Where is Lactoferrin found?
It is found in the granules of neutrophils.
What are Cytokines?
They inhibit EPO production / action and erythropoiesis.
What is a microcytic-hypochromic anemia?
An anemia with a low MCV and MCHC.
What are the chemical test in Chronic Infection / Inflammation Anemia.
Low Iron
Normal to Low TIBC
High Ferritin
What does a Bone Marrow Picture look like in Chronic Infection / Inflammation Anemia.
Erythroid hypoplasia
Iron storage in Macrophages but not RBC precursors under Persun Blue Stain and
No response to EPO
What is the FEP volumes in Chronic Infection / Inflammation Anemia.
High
What is the Retic count in Chronic Infection / Inflammation Anemia.
Normal to Low
What courses a Chronic Blood Loss Anemia?
It is course by a gradual bleed over months.
What is the chemical test in Chronic Blood Loss Anemia?
Low MCV, MCH, and MCHC
Why is a IDA formed from Chronic Blood Loss Anemia?
Because the iron stores are depleted from the continuos loss of blood.
In Hereditary Sideroblastic Anemia the patient has a congenital deficiency in what?
Ferrochelatase
Prussian Blue stain of the bone marrow shows large amount of iron in the bone marrow in what kind of anemia?
Sideroblastic Anemia
Chemical test in Sideroblastic Anemia?
High iron
Normal to low TIBC
High ferritin
What is the RDW in Sideroblastic Anemia?
High
