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Hematology > Anemias > Flashcards

Anemias Flashcards

0
Q

What kind of anemias does some one have with a low H/H and a decreased MCV?

A 
IDA
Chronic Blood Loss
Chronic Infection/ Inflammation
Sideroblastic
Thalassemia
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1
Q

What kind of anemia does some one have with a low H/H and a increased MCV?

A

Megaloblastic Anemia

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2
Q

What kind of anemias does some one have with a low H/H and a normal MCV?

A 
Aplastic Anemia
PRBC Aplasia
Congenital Dysterythropoietic Anemia
Acute Blood Loss Anemia
Renal Disease Anemia
Endocrine Disease Anemia
Myelophthisis  Anemia
Prophyria
Cancer
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3
Q

What is FEP?

A

Free Erythrocyte Proteprotin

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4
Q

What is TIBE?

A

Total Iron Binding Compasity

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5
Q

What is the General Characteristics for a Megaloblastic Anemia?

A 
Hyper-seg
H-J Bodies
Basophilic Stippling
Cabot Rings
Dacryocytes
Low Retic
Asymchronism
Pancytoprnia
High RDW
High MCV (100-150fL usually 120fL)
Megaloblastic Erythroid Hyperplasia
Giant Metamyelocytes
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6
Q

What does Megaloblastic Madness resemble?

A

It resembles the symptoms of a stroke.

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7
Q

What are the 5 types of Megaloblastic Anemias?

A 
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Folate deficiency
Pernicious Anemia
Diphyllobothrium latum (Fish Tapeworm)
Steatorrheas
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8
Q

What is a Non-Megaloblastic Anemia?

A

Liver disease

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9
Q

What type of Megaloblastic Anemia is found most common in pregnancy?

A

Folate Deficiency

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10
Q

What type of Megaloblastic Anemia is found most in nutritional problems. And why is this one more rare then Folate?

A

B12 Deficiency and is stored up in the body so a person has enough for several years.

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11
Q

What age group of does PA usually found in?

A

40-60 year olds

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12
Q

Why is PA the worst Megaloblastic Anemia?

A

Because it is an Autoimmune Anemia that affects the Intrinsic Factor.

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13
Q

What does Fish Tapeworm do to a person?

A

It affects Intrinsic Factor’s ability to bind with B12.

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14
Q

What is Steatorrheas?

A

Low vitamin B12 and Folate.

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15
Q

What are the Chem test that are seen in PA?

A

Low B12
Normal Folic Acid
High LDH

16
Q

What is the Schillings Test?

A

It distinguishes PA from other B12 deficiencies.

17
Q

How do u treat PA?

A

Intramuscular injections of B12.

18
Q

Perital Cells are not working in what type of Anemia?

A

PA

19
Q

What serological test are ran to diagnose PA?

A

Alfa IF

Alfa par cell Ab

20
Q

What is Achlorhydria and why is it found in PA?

A

Lack of free HCL in the stomach secretions, even after histamine stimulation.
Progressive loss of parietal cells with their secretory products, H+ and intrinsic factor.

21
Q

How can someone know if a person has PA by using the Shillings Test?

A

If the patent has digested all the B12 in the 2nd phase.

22
Q

What is the most common form of anemia among long-term hospitalized patients?

A

Chronic Infection / Inflammation Anemia

23
Q

What is Lactoferrin and what does it do to stop bacteria.

A

It is a protein that binds iron so bacteria is not able to use it, but once it is changed the body can no longer use it.

24
Q

Where is Lactoferrin found?

A

It is found in the granules of neutrophils.

25
Q

What are Cytokines?

A

They inhibit EPO production / action and erythropoiesis.

26
Q

What is a microcytic-hypochromic anemia?

A

An anemia with a low MCV and MCHC.

27
Q

What are the chemical test in Chronic Infection / Inflammation Anemia.

A

Low Iron
Normal to Low TIBC
High Ferritin

28
Q

What does a Bone Marrow Picture look like in Chronic Infection / Inflammation Anemia.

A

Erythroid hypoplasia
Iron storage in Macrophages but not RBC precursors under Persun Blue Stain and
No response to EPO

29
Q

What is the FEP volumes in Chronic Infection / Inflammation Anemia.

A

High

30
Q

What is the Retic count in Chronic Infection / Inflammation Anemia.

A

Normal to Low

31
Q

What courses a Chronic Blood Loss Anemia?

A

It is course by a gradual bleed over months.

32
Q

What is the chemical test in Chronic Blood Loss Anemia?

A

Low MCV, MCH, and MCHC

33
Q

Why is a IDA formed from Chronic Blood Loss Anemia?

A

Because the iron stores are depleted from the continuos loss of blood.

34
Q

In Hereditary Sideroblastic Anemia the patient has a congenital deficiency in what?

A

Ferrochelatase

35
Q

Prussian Blue stain of the bone marrow shows large amount of iron in the bone marrow in what kind of anemia?

A

Sideroblastic Anemia

36
Q

Chemical test in Sideroblastic Anemia?

A

High iron
Normal to low TIBC
High ferritin

37
Q

What is the RDW in Sideroblastic Anemia?

A

High

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