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NURS 460 - Adult III Exam 1 > Anemia ppt/2 > Flashcards

Anemia ppt/2 Flashcards

1
Q

TRALI

A

sudden development of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema

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2
Q

results in agglutination of cells, which can obstruct capillaries and block blood flow

A

acute hemolytic reaction

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3
Q

allergic reaction s/s

3

A
  1. facial flushing
  2. hives/rash
  3. scratchy
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4
Q

TRALI stands for

A

transfusion related acute lung injury

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5
Q

recipient is sensitive to plasma proteins of the donor’s blood

A

allergic reaction

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6
Q

blood infusion IV G

A

18 or bigger

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7
Q

fibrinolytic system function

A

breaks down newly formed clots creating fibrin split products, which have anticoag properties and inhibit normal blood clotting

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8
Q

massive blood transfusion reaction is an imbalance of

A

normal blood elements

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9
Q

a blood transfusion reaction most often occurs when

A

in the first 10-15 mins or first 50 cc of blood

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10
Q

transfusion reaction - sepsis

A

bacterial contamination of blood product

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11
Q

acute hemolytic reaction s/s

6

A
  1. chills
  2. fever
  3. increased HR
  4. hypotension
  5. chest pain
  6. lumbar pain
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12
Q

is DIC a disease

A

no

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13
Q

circulatory overload - what increases this risk

A

large quantities over short periods of time

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14
Q

febrile reaction can be prevented by

A

using additional filters to leukocyte deplete the RBCs and platelets or ordering leukocytes poor blood products

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15
Q

blood infusion VSs

A

VSs before infusion

VSs 15 mins after started

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16
Q

can give acetaminophen and diphenhydramine 30 mins prior to infusion to prevent this reaction

A

febrile

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17
Q

leader in transfusion-related deaths

A

TRALI

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18
Q

transfusion reaction - acute hemolytic

A

most commonly caused by ABO incompatible blood

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19
Q

TRALI usually occurs when

A

2-6 hours after transfusion, but may occur up to 72 hours after transfusion

20
Q

febrile infusion - can give what

A

acetaminophen and diphenhydramine 30 mins prior to infusion to prevent this reaction

21
Q

allergic reaction - what may be used to treat a severe reaction
2

A
  1. epinephrine

2. corticosteroids

22
Q

anemia diagnostic tests lab findings

4

A
  1. lot plts and fibrinogen
  2. prolonged clotting times
  3. elevated fibrin split products
  4. D-dimer elevated
23
Q

DIC

A

abnormal response of the normal clotting cascade stimulated by a disease process or disorder

24
Q

thrombotic s/s

6

A
  1. cyanosis
  2. ischemic tissue necrosis
  3. tachypnea
  4. pulmonary emboli
  5. paralytic ileus
  6. kidney damage
25
Q

DIC causes widespread what

A

fibrin and platelet deposit in capillaries and arterioles, resulting in thrombosis

26
Q

circulatory overload - pts with what are at risk for this

2

A

cardiac or renal disease

27
Q

fibrinolytic system function ultimately does what

A

clotting factors are depleted and blood is unable to clot

28
Q

usually occurs 2-6 hours after transfusion, but may occur up to 72 hours after transfusion

A

TRALI

29
Q

sudden development of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema

A

TRALI

30
Q

blood infusion - prime tubing with

A

NS only

31
Q

massive blood transfusion reaction is a complication of

A

transfusing large quantities of blood products

32
Q

acute hemolytic reaction - hemolysis of RBCs does what

A

releases hgb that is excreted in the kidneys and may obstruct renal tubules

33
Q

abnormal response of the normal clotting cascade stimulated by a disease process or disorder

A

DIC

34
Q

blood administration procedure

9

A
  1. consent signed
  2. lab does type and cross
  3. IV 18 G or larger
  4. VSs prior
  5. set up Y type tubing
  6. get blood from bank
  7. bedside verification
  8. start infusion
  9. educate
35
Q

most commonly caused by ABO incompatible blood

A

acute hemolytic reaction

36
Q

DIC - clotting inhibitor mechanisms are

A

depressed, resulting in activation of the fibrinolytic system

37
Q

pts with cardiac or renal disease are at risk for this transfusion reaction

A

circulatory overload

38
Q

reaction - prevent with antihistamines

A

allergic reaction

39
Q

acute hemolytic reaction can cause what to kidneys

3

A
  1. acute renal failure
  2. DIC
  3. death
40
Q

febrile reaction is caused by

A

leukocyte incompatibility

41
Q

febrile reaction s/s

6

A
  1. headache
  2. tachycardia
  3. tachypnea
  4. fever
  5. chills
  6. anxiety
42
Q

epinephrine or corticosteroids may be used to treat a severe reaction

A

allergic reaction

43
Q

delayed transfusion reactions include

4

A
  1. delayed hemolytic reaction
  2. infections i.e. HIV, CMV, HTLV-1, EBV, malaria
  3. iron overload
  4. hep B or C
44
Q

allergic reaction - give what to prevent

A

antihistamines

45
Q

acute hemolytic reaction results in

A

agglutination of cells, which can obstruct capillaries and block blood flow

46
Q

transfusion allergic reaction

A

recipient is sensitive to plasma proteins of the donor’s blood

47
Q

blood infusion reaction caused by leukocyte incompatibility

A

febrile reaction

NURS 460 - Adult III Exam 1 (16 decks)

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