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SBL > Anemia Cases > Flashcards

Anemia Cases Flashcards

1
Q

Signs and symptoms of anemia

A

fatigue, exercise intolerance, rapid heartbeat, pallor, tachycardia, systolic murmur, edema

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2
Q

Main two considerations when diagnosing anemia

A

are we not making enough blood? are we losing blood?

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3
Q

What do reticulocytes in PB indicate?

A

compensatory production by bone marrow

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4
Q

Anisocytosis

A

increased red cell distribution width

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5
Q

Clinical presentation of iron deficiency anemia

A

tired, weight loss, onychoschizia, pica, conjunctival pallor, cheilosis

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6
Q

Lab indications that iron is low

A

low serum iron, low serum ferritin, low transferrin (percent of stores)

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7
Q

Indications that body is compensating/waiting for iron

A

increased TIBC, Increased transferrin receptor

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8
Q

When a patient presents with iron deficiency anemia, what would prompt an eval for a GI bleed

A

male patients, postmenopausal females

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9
Q

Three important physiological changes that can result from anemia of acute blood loss?

A

Hypovolemia, MI, renal failure

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10
Q

Lab values for uncompensated anemia

A

retic low, hgb and hct low-normal

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11
Q

Compatible RBCs for Group O blood type

A

O

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12
Q

Compatible RBCs for Group A blood type

A

O and A

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13
Q

Compatible RBCs for Group B blood type

A

O and B

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14
Q

Compatible RBCs for Group AB blood type

A

O, A, B, and AB

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15
Q

Compatible plasma for Group O blood type

A

O, A, B, and AB

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16
Q

Compatible plasma for Group A blood type

A

A and AB

17
Q

Compatible plasma for group B blood type

A

B and AB

18
Q

Compatible plasma for group AB blood type

A

AB

19
Q

Abs in group A blood

A

anti-B

20
Q

Abs in group B blood

A

anti-A

21
Q

Abs in group AB blood

A

none

22
Q

Abs in group O blood

A

anti-A and anti-B

23
Q

Rh+ abs

A

none

24
Q

Rh- abs

A

MAY develop Anti-D abs

25
Q

Universal RBC donor

A

O-

26
Q

Universal plasma donor

A

AB

27
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

autosomal recessive condition characterized by predominant variant Hgb, glu->val mutation

28
Q

When does HbS polymerize

A

when deoxygenated

29
Q

Clinical consequences of sickle cell disease

A

stroke, acute chest syndrome, hematuria and polyuria, avascular necrosis, autosplenectomy

30
Q

Acute chest syndrome

A

potentially fatal, initiates by vaso-occlusion caused by marrow emboli from necrosing bone

31
Q

Drug that keeps HbS low

A

hydroxyurea, decreases HbS and increases HbF

32
Q

Aplastic anemia

A

pancytopenia associated with bone marrow hypocellularity

33
Q

Etiologies of aplastic anemia

A

acquired, iatrogenic, physical or chemical injury, genetic disease

34
Q

Drugs that can cause aplastic anemia

A

chemo, chloramphenicol, chloroquines, NSAIDS, anticonvulsants, heavy metals, sulfonamides

SBL (21 decks)

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