Anatomy Unit 4: Joints & Fractures

Question 1

What is a joint?

Answer 1

Junctions between bones.

Question 2

What is the function of joints?

Answer 2

To connect the skeletal system

Question 3

What are the three ways that joints are classified by movement?

Answer 3

Immovable, slightly movable, & freely

Question 4

What are the three joints defined by tissue?

Answer 4

Fibrous, Cartilaginous, & Synovial

Question 5

What type of tissue connects bones at fibrous joints?

Answer 5

Dense Connective Tissue

Question 6

What type of movement are possible at fibrous joints?

Answer 6

Limited (Amphiarthotic)

Question 7

What are the most common locations of fibrous joints?

Answer 7

Between the Tibia & Fibula, & parts of the skull

Question 8

What is another word for a fibrous joint in the skull?

Answer 8

Suture

Question 9

What type of tissue connects bones at cartilaginous joints?

Answer 9

Fibrocartilage

Question 10

What type of movement is possible at cartilaginous joints?

Answer 10

Limited (amphiarthrotic)

Question 11

What are the most common locations of cartilaginous joints?

Answer 11

Pubic Symphysis & the first rib connected to the sternum

Question 12

What type of tissue connects bones at synovial joints?

Answer 12

Articular cartilage

Question 13

What type of fluid is present at synovial joints?

Answer 13

Synovial fluid

Question 14

What is a meniscus?

Answer 14

A flat piece of cartilage

Question 15

What is the function of the meniscus?

Answer 15

Absorb shock between the surfaces of bones

Question 16

What is a bursa?

Answer 16

A fluid-filled sac between tendons

Question 17

What are the 6 types of synovial joints?

Answer 17

Ball-&-Socket, Condylar, Gliding, Hinge, Pivot, & Saddle

Question 18

What is the ACL?

Answer 18

Anterior Cruciate Ligament

Question 19

What is the PCL?

Answer 19

Posterior Cruciate Ligament

Question 20

What is the LCL?

Answer 20

Lateral Cruciate Ligament

Question 21

What is the MCL?

Answer 21

Medial Cruciate Ligament

Question 22

What are the two most common locations for the Ball-&-Socket Joint?

Answer 22

Shoulders & hip

Question 23

What are the two most common locations for the condylar joint?

Answer 23

Metacarpals & metatarsals, along with their connections to their respective phalanges.

Question 24

What are the most common locations for the gliding joint?

Answer 24

The carpals, tarsals, sacroiliac, ribs 2-7, & sternum

Question 25

What are the most common locations for the hinge joint?

Answer 25

The elbow, jaw, & phalanges

Question 26

What are the most common locations for the pivot joint?

Answer 26

The atlas/axis, & ulna/radius

Question 27

Where is the only place the saddle joint is found?

Answer 27

Between the carpal & metacarpal of the thumb.

Question 28

What is a dislocation fracture?

Answer 28

When the bone is moved out of its socket

Question 29

What is a simple fracture?

Answer 29

When the bone makes a clean break into two pieces

Question 30

What is a compound fracture?

Answer 30

When a bone break in two & pierces the skin

Question 31

What is a comminuted fracture?

Answer 31

When a bone breaks into 3+ pieces

Question 32

What is a compression fracture?

Answer 32

When a vertebrae is flattened

Question 33

What is a depression fracture?

Answer 33

When a bone gets crushed inwards

Question 34

What is a spiral fracture?

Answer 34

When a bone is broken by a twisting force & takes a spiral shape

Question 35

What is a greenstick fracture?

Answer 35

When a bone bends & one side breaks

Question 36

What is a stress fracture?

Answer 36

When a bone has been used so much that it struggles to absorb shock, leading to small cracks

Question 37

What type of bone cell cuts down excess bone?

Answer 37

Osteoclast

Question 38

What is an open reduction?

Answer 38

When the body must be opened to heal the bone injury. Ex: Surgery

Question 39

What is a closed reduction?

Answer 39

When the body does not need to be opened to heal the bone injury. Ex: Cast