Anatomy Unit 3

Question 1

What is the epidermis made of?

Answer 1

Stratified squamous epithelial tissue

Question 2

What structures does the epidermis lack?

Answer 2

Blood Vessels

Question 3

What happens to epidermal cells as they get older?

Answer 3

The divide & go up towards the epidermis

Question 4

What are the three layers of the skin?

Answer 4

Epidermis (superficial), dermis, & hypodermis (deep)

Question 5

What is the dermis made of?

Answer 5

Connective Tissue

Question 6

What type of tissue is the dermis made of?

Answer 6

Mainly loose & dense connective, but also includes nerve & sensory fibers, hair follicles, sweat glands sebaceous glands, & blood vessels.

Question 7

What is keratin?

Answer 7

Protein that hardens old epidermal cells

Question 8

What are the 4 proteins that contribute to skin color?

Answer 8

melanin (darkness), carotene (orange/yellow), hemoglobin (pink/red), & bilirubin (jaundice yellow).

Question 9

What produces melanin?

Answer 9

Melanocytes

Question 10

What differs from person to person, the amount of melanocytes, or the amount of melanin released?

Answer 10

The melanin released. Everyone has the roughly the same amount of melanocytes.

Question 11

What type of tissue is the hypodermis made of?

Answer 11

Mainly adipose tissue & blood vessels.

Question 12

What is the main function of the epidermis?

Answer 12

To push old cells up to the skin’s surface using keratin.

Question 13

What are the main functions of the hypodermis?

Answer 13

Binding the skin to the underlying organs, insulating the body, & providing protection from shock.

Question 14

What are the ABCDEs of mole checks?

Answer 14

asymmetry, border, color, diameter, & evolution/elevation.

Question 15

What are the 6 functions of the skin?

Answer 15

Temperature Control, Protection, Vitamin D production, Prevention of water loss, excretion of waste, & sensory receptors.

Question 16

What is the main function of the arrector pili?

Answer 16

To cause hair to stand on end (stay upright).

Question 17

What is the shared function of both the sebaceous & sweat glands?

Answer 17

Both help to keep the skin from becoming too dry.

Question 18

What do sebaceous glands secrete?

Answer 18

Sebum, an oily substance

Question 19

What do sweat glands secrete?

Answer 19

Sweat, a watery substance

Question 20

What are carcinomas?

Answer 20

Non-pigmented epithelial cells that are common, but slowly grow. They are hard, dry, & scaly growths.

Question 21

What puts people at risk of carcinomas?

Answer 21

People with fair skin and/or are over 40 years old.

Question 22

What are the two most common ways to remove carcinomas from the body?

Answer 22

Surgically removing the cancer & radiation

Question 23

What are melinomas?

Answer 23

Serious & deadly cancer cells that resemble moles.

Question 24

What is the major cause for developing melanomas?

Answer 24

By short, intermittent exposure to high intensity sunlight.

Question 25

Why is melanoma so deadly?

Answer 25

It starts to grow horizontally, where it is easy to be removed. It will eventually start to grow deeper into the skin & reach the bloodstream, making it harder to eradicate.

Question 26

What is a 1st degree burn?

Answer 26

A burn that affects the epidermis only

Question 27

What is a 2nd degree burn?

Answer 27

A burn that affects all of the epidermis & parts of the dermis.

Question 28

What is a 3rd degree burn?

Answer 28

A burn that destroys all of the epidermis & the dermis.