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KYCO 2020 1st year, Block 3 > Anatomy: Temporal & Infratemporal Fossae > Flashcards

Anatomy: Temporal & Infratemporal Fossae Flashcards

1
Q

Boundaries of temporal fossa

A
  • Posterior and Superior
  • Anterior
  • Lateral
  • Inferior
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2
Q

Temporal fossa boundaries that house the temporal lines

A

Posterior and Superior boundaries

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3
Q

Temporal fossa boundary that houses the frontal and zygomatic bones

A

Anterior boundary

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4
Q

Temporal fossa boundary that houses the zygomatic arch

A

Lateral boundary

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5
Q

Temporal fossa boundary that houses the infratemporal crest of the sphenoid bone (best seen when the zygomatic arch has been removed)

A

Inferior boundary

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6
Q

Contents of temporal fossa

A
  • Temporalis muscle
  • Temporalis fascia
  • Deep temporal vessels and nerves (run underneath the temporalis muscle)
  • Superficial temporal vessels (runs up directly in front of ear)
  • Auriculotemporal nerve (runs up directly in front of ear along with superficial temporal vessels)
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7
Q

The “keystone” of the skull with lots of foramina and landmarks for the skull

A

Sphenoid Bone

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8
Q

What is exposed by the removal of the zygomatic arch and mandible

A

Infratemporal fossa

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9
Q

Synovial definition

A

Freely movable

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10
Q

A synovial joint; modified hinge joint

A

Temporomandibular joint

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11
Q

Articular surfaces of the tempormandibular joint

A
  • Mandibular condyle
  • Mandibular fossa
  • Articular tubercle of the temporal bone
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12
Q

Composed of fibrocartilage; Divides the tempormandibular joint into two compartments

A

Articular disc

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13
Q

The articular disc divides the tempormandibular joints into two compartments, known as the:

A
  • Superior compartment

- Inferior compartment

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14
Q

Responsible for gliding movements of protrusion and retrusion

“Push jaw forward and pull it back”
“Side to side/back and forth movements”

A

Superior compartment

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15
Q

Responsible for hinge movements of depression and elevation

“Elevate/depress mandible”

A

Inferior compartment

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16
Q

Allow the jaw to be able to move around: protrude out, retrude in, elevate/depress mandible, side to side/back and forth movements

A

Superior and inferior compartments of the temporomandibular joint, created by the articular disc

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17
Q

Peripherally attached to the joint capsule

A

Articular disc

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18
Q

Anteromedially attaches to the tendon of the lateral pterygoid

IMPORTANT TO KNOW

A

Articular disc

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19
Q

Joint or articular capsule of the TMJ attaches where?

A
  • Superiorly to the articular tubercle
  • Superiorly to the margins of the mandibular fossa
  • Inferiorly to the neck of the mandible
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20
Q

What lines the joint capsule above and below the articular disc, but does not cover the articular disc

A

Synovial membrane

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21
Q

Ligaments of the TMJ

A
  • Tempormandibular Ligament (lateral ligament)
  • Stylomandibular Ligament (originates from the styloid process)
  • Sphenomandibular Ligament (attaches at the lingula)
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22
Q

What sits right behind the lingula, which dentists anesthetize to numb the pt?

A

Inferior alveolar nerve

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23
Q

Muscles of mastication

A
  • Temporalis
  • Masseter
  • Medial Pterygoid
  • Lateral Pterygoid
24
Q

Innervation of mastication muscles

A

Branches of V3 (Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve)

25
Q

Insertion of Temporalis

A

Coronoid process and Anterior surface of the ramus of the mandible

26
Q

Innervation of Temporalis

A

Anterior and Posterior deep temporal nerves

27
Q

Actions of Temporalis

A
  • Elevate mandible (closes mouth)
  • Retrusion of mandible (Pull jaw backward)
  • Right and Left lateral movements (grinding and chewing)
28
Q

Origin of Masseter

A

Inferior border of medial surface of the maxillary process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic arch…..

Ha.
Ha.

“Coming from region of zygomatic arch”

29
Q

Insertion of Masseter

A

Angle and Lateral surface of mandible

30
Q

Innervation of Masseter

A

Masseteric nerve

31
Q

Actions of Masseter

A
  • Elevation of mandible
  • Right and Left lateral movements
  • Protrusion of mandible
  • Retrusion of mandible

*Reversible because it can do both protrusion and retrusion movements which are in opposite directions

32
Q

Origin of SUPERIOR head of Lateral Pterygoid

IMPORTANT

A

Infratemporal surface of greater wing of the sphenoid

33
Q

Origin of INFERIOR head of Lateral Pterygoid

IMPORTANT

A

Lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate

34
Q

Insertion of Lateral Pterygoid

GARGOYLE!!!

A
  • Most fibers: Pterygoid forces on anterior surface of neck of mandible
  • (GARGOYLE)Some fibers from SUPERIOR head: Joint capsule and Articular disc of TMJ
35
Q

Innervation of Lateral Pterygoid

A

Lateral pterygoid nerves

36
Q

Actions of Lateral Pterygoid

IMPORTANT

A
  • Protrusion of mandible
  • **Depress mandible (helps open the mouth)
  • Right and Left lateral chewing and grinding movements
37
Q

Origin of DEEP head of Medial Pterygoid

A

Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate

38
Q

Origin of SUPERFICIAL head of Medial Pterygoid

A

Tuberosity of maxilla

39
Q

Insertion of Medial Pterygoid

A

Medial surface of angle of mandible

40
Q

Innervation of Medial Pterygoid

A

Medial Pterygoid nerve

41
Q

Actions of Medial Pterygoid

A
  • Elevation of mandible
  • Protrusion of mandible
  • Right and left lateral chewing and grinding movements
42
Q

Muscles that assist in depressing the mandible (opening the mouth)

A
  • Suprahyoid Muscles

- Infrahyoid Muscles

43
Q

What can cause Anterior jaw/joint Dislocation

A

Excessive contraction of the lateral pterygoid may cause the heads of the mandible to dislocate anteriorly past the articular tubercles

44
Q

What happens during anterior dislocation, and what causes it to happen?

A

Cause: Pt yawns really wide and dislocates their jaw
Effect: Mandible remains open, and person cannot close it

45
Q

How is reduction performed for anterior jaw dislocations?

A

By pressing downward and backward on the last molar teeth

46
Q

Why is posterior jaw dislocation uncommon?

A

Due to the presence of the postglenoid tubercle and the strong lateral ligament

47
Q

What is more likely to occur than a posterior jaw dislocation?

A

Fracture of the neck of the mandible caused by falls on the chin or a direct blow to the chin

48
Q

The “main show or main event”

-in Dr. Soltesz’ words

A

The infratemporal fossa

49
Q

Communications with the infratemporal fossa

A
  • temporal fossa (through the space b/w the zygomatic arch and the cranial wall)
  • orbit (through the inferior orbital fissure)
  • middle cranial fossa (through the foramen ovale and the foramen spinosum)
  • pterygopalatine fossa (via the pterygomaxillary fissure)
50
Q

Contents of Infratemporal fossa

A
  • Medial and Lateral pterygoid muscles
  • Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3)
  • Otic ganglion
  • Chorda tympani (nerve)
  • Maxillary artery and its branches
  • Maxillary vein and pterygoid venous plexus
51
Q

Consists of 2 parts: Large sensory component and Small motor component

A

Mandibular division of Trigeminal Nerve (V3)

52
Q

V3 exits from:

A

Middle cranial fossa via foramen ovale; Enters infratemporal fossa; Divides into anterior and posterior divisions

53
Q

Where do branches of V3 come from?

A
  • Main trunk
  • Anterior and Posterior divisions

–And then those ant and post divisions will have their own branches

54
Q

Branches of V3 from Main Trunk (before it splits into the anterior and posterior divisions)

A
  • Nerve to the medial pterygoid

- Meningeal branch (nervous spinosus/recurrent branch of V3 to dura mater)

55
Q

What does the branch from V3 to the medial pterygoid supply?

A
  • Medial pterygoid
  • Gives small branches to:
  • -tensor tympani
  • -tensor veli palatine
56
Q

What does the meningeal branch of V3 do?

A
  • Enters middle cranial fossa via foramen spinosum (similar to middle meningeal artery)
  • Innervates dura mater of middle cranial fossa

KYCO 2020 1st year, Block 3 (7 decks)

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