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KYCO 2020 1st year, Block 3 > Anatomy: Pterygopalatine Fossa > Flashcards

Anatomy: Pterygopalatine Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

Small space that is medial to the infratemporal fossa

A

Pterygopalatine Fossa

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2
Q

Anterior boundary of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

Posterior surface of the maxilla

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3
Q

Posterior boundary of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

Pterygoid process

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4
Q

Superior boundary of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

Greater wing of the sphenoid

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5
Q

Medial boundary of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

Perpendicular plate of the palatine bone

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6
Q

Openings into the LATERAL wall of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

Pterygomaxillary fissure

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7
Q

Openings into the MEDIAL wall of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

Sphenopalatine foramen

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8
Q

Openings into the ANTERIOR wall of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

Inferior orbital fissure

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9
Q

Openings into the POSTERIOR wall of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

Pterygoid canal

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10
Q

Openings into the CEILING of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

Foramen rotundum (“Skylight” on ceiling)

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11
Q

Openings into the FLOOR of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

No floor - just a passage to the greater and lesser palatine canals

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12
Q

What nerve passes through the pterygopalatine fossa and what hangs off this nerve?

A
  • V2 (maxillary division of CN 5 = trigeminal nerve)

- the pterygopalatine ganglion hangs from it

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13
Q

Parasympathetic ganglion located in the pterygopalatine fossa

A

Pterygopalatine ganglion

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14
Q

The three types of fibers that the pterygopalatine ganglion receives.

A
  • Sensory
  • Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers
  • Postganglionic sympathetic fibers
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15
Q

Where do the SENSORY fibers come from that are received by the pterygopalatine ganglion

A

From V2 (maxillary division of CN 5 = Trigeminal nerve)

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16
Q

Where do the PREGANGLIONIC PARASYMPATHETIC fibers come from that are received by the pterygopalatine ganglion

A

From the greater petrosal nerve (branch of VII = facial nerve)

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17
Q

Where do the POSTGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC fibers come from that are received by the pterygopalatine ganglion

A

From the deep petrosal nerve

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18
Q

What kind of fibers does the greater petrosal nerve contain?

A

Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers

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19
Q

What kind of fibers does the deep petrosal nerve contain?

A

Postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the superior cervical ganglion

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20
Q

The greater petrosal nerve joins the deep petrosal nerve to form what nerve?

A

The nerve of the pterygoid canal (aka Vidian’s nerve)

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21
Q

Where does the nerve of the pterygoid canal/Vidian’s nerve terminate?

A

Pterygopalatine ganglion

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22
Q

What kind of fibers is the nerve of the pterygoid canal/Vidian’s nerve comprised of?

A

Autonomic fibers: Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers & Postganglionic sympathetic fibers

23
Q

Where do the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the nerve of the pterygoid canal/Vidian’s nerve synapse?

A

In the pterygopalatine ganglion

24
Q

What do the postganglionic sympathetic fibers do in the nerve of the pterygoid canal/Vidian’s nerve?

A

They only pass through the ganglion

25
Q

Branches from the pterygopalatine ganglion

A
  • Greater palatine nerve
  • Lesser palatine nerve
  • Nasopalatine nerve
  • Posterolateral branches
  • Pharyngeal nerve
26
Q

Where does the maxillary nerve (V2) exit the middle cranial fossa?

A

Through the foramen rotundum

27
Q

What kind of fibers does the maxillary (V2) nerve contain?

A

SENSORY FIBERS ONLY

28
Q

After exiting the middle cranial fossa, what does the maxillary nerve (V2) immediately do?

A

Enters the pterygopalatine fossa where it travels in the upper part of the fossa

29
Q

After traveling through the upper part of the pterygopalatine fossa, what does the maxillary nerve (V2) do?

A

Enters the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure and changes name

30
Q

What name does the maxillary nerve (V2) change to after it enters the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure?

A

Infraorbital nerve

31
Q

Where does the maxillary (V2) nerve travel?

A
  • Exits middle cranial fossa through foramen rotundum
  • Enters pterygopalatine fossa
  • Travels in the upper part of the fossa
  • Enteres the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure
  • Changes name to the infraorbital nerve
  • Runs in floor of the orbit
  • Exits on the face
32
Q

Branches of V2 (maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve)

A
  • Intracranial branch
  • Ganglionic branch
  • Zygomatic nerve
  • Zygomaticotemporal nerve*
  • Posterior superior alveolar nerve
  • Middle superior alveolar nerve
  • Anterior superior alveolar nerve
33
Q

What does the intracranial branch of V2 innervate?

A

Dura mater in the middle cranial fossa

34
Q

What do the ganglionic branches contain and do?

A
  • Contain mostly sensory fibers (plus a few postganglionic parasympathetic fibers)
  • Connect V2 with the pterygopalatine ganglion
35
Q

What does the zygomatic nerve of V2 do and what does it supply?

A
  • Divides into the zygomaticotemporal and zygomaticofacial nerves
  • Supplies skin over temporal region and cheek
36
Q

What branch of fibers does the zygomaticotemporal nerve of V5 contain and what’s it destined for?

A
  • Has a branch that contains postganglionic parasympathetic fibers
  • Destined for the lacrimal gland
37
Q

What is the fiber compensation of the nerve of the pterygoid canal/Vidian’s nerve?

A
  • Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers (from greater petrosal nerve)
  • Postganglionic sympathetic fibers (from deep petrosal nerve which is from the superior cervical ganglion)
38
Q

What does the POSTERIOR SUPERIOR ALVEOLAR NERVE of V2 supply?

A
  • Maxillary molar teeth

- Mucosa of maxillary sinus

39
Q

What does the MIDDLE SUPERIOR ALVEOLAR NERVE of V5 supply?

A
  • Maxillary premolars

- Mucosa of maxillary sinus

40
Q

What does the ANTERIOR SUPERIOR ALVEOLAR NERVE of V2 supply?

A
  • Maxillary incisors and canine teeth

- Mucosa of maxillary sinus

41
Q

What is the one thing that all superior alveolar nerves of V2 supply?

A

Mucosa of maxillary sinus

42
Q

What is the third part of the maxillary artery?

A

Pterygopalatine Part (third part)

43
Q

Where does the pterygopalatine part of the maxillary artery travel?

A
  • Maxillary artery leaves the infratemporal fossa
  • Enters pterygopalatine fossa through the pterygomaxillary fissure
  • Branches follow those of V2 and the pterygopalatine ganglion
44
Q

Branches of the pterygopalatine part of the maxillary artery

A
  • Posterior superior alveolar artery
  • Infraorbital artery
  • Descending palatine artery
  • Pharyngeal artery
  • Artery of the pterygoid canal
  • Sphenopalatine artery
45
Q

What does the POSTERIOR SUPERIOR ALVEOLAR ARTERY of the pterygopalatine part of the maxillary artery supply?

A
  • Maxillary molar and premolars teeth

- Mucosa of the maxillary sinus

46
Q

What does the INFRAORBITAL ARTERY of the pterygopalatine part of the maxillary artery accompany, and what are it’s branches?

A
  • Accompanies the infraorbital nerve; emerges on the face
  • Branches:
  • -Anterior superior alveolar artery
  • -Terminal branches
47
Q

What does the ANTERIOR SUPERIOR ALVEOLAR ARTERY of the infraorbital artery of the pterygopalatine part of the maxillary artery supply?

A
  • Maxillary incisor and canine teeth

- Mucosa of maxillary sinus

48
Q

What do the TERMINAL BRANCHES of the infraorbital artery of the pterygopalatine part of the maxillary artery supply?

A

Structures on the face

49
Q

What does the DESCENDING PALATINE ARTERY of the pterygopalatine part of the maxillary artery divide into and supply?

A

-Divides into the greater and lesser palatine arteries to hard and soft palate

50
Q

Where does the PHARYNGEAL ARTERY of the pterygopalatine part of the maxillary artery pass through, and what does it supply?

A
  • Passes through the (palatovaginal)?? canal with a branch of the pterygopalatine ganglion
  • Supplies the mucosa of the nasopharynx and sphenoid sinus
51
Q

What does the ARTERY OF THE PTERYGOID CANAL of the pterygopalatine part of the maxillary artery supply?

A

Supplies the walls and contents of the pterygoid canal and mucosa of the nasopharynx, auditory tube, and tympanic cavity

**Accompanies the nerve; “Little artery that does a big job”

52
Q

Where does the SPHENOPALATINE ARTERY of the pterygopalatine part of the maxillary artery enter, and what are it’s branches?

A
  • Enters the nasal cavity through the sphenopalatine foramen (located in the medial wall)
  • Branches:
  • -Posterolateral nasal branches
  • -Posterior septal branches
53
Q

What do the POSTEROLATERAL NASAL BRANCHES of the sphenopalatine artery of the pterygopalatine part of the maxillary artery supply?

A

Supplies posterior part of lateral wall of nasal cavity

54
Q

What do the POSTERIOR SEPTAL BRANCHES of the sphenopalatine artery of the pterygopalatine part of the maxillary artery supply?

A

Supplies mucosa of the posterior part of the nasal septum

KYCO 2020 1st year, Block 3 (7 decks)

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