Anatomy Review Flashcards
Primary artery of foregut
Celiac artery
Location of visceral pain in foregut
Epigastric
Primary artery of midgut
SMA
Location of visceral pain in midgut
Periumbilical
Primary artery of hindgut
IMA
Location of visceral pain in hindgut
Hypogastric
Location of vagus nerves in the abdominal cavity?
LARP: Left becomes Anterior, Right becomes Posterior
What layer is absent in the esophagus?
Serosa
Where does the foregut begin and end?
Start: lips, End: Duodenal papilla
Where does the midgut begin and end?
Begin: Duodenal papilla, End: Junction of proximal 2/3 and distal 1/3 of transverse colon
Where does the hindgut begin and end?
Begin: junction of proximal 2/3 and distal 1/3 of transverse colon, End: Anus
When viewed from the front, around what structure does the primitive intestinal loop make its 270 degree counterclockwise rotation?
SMA. This rotation will place the cecum in the right lower quadrant.
What life-threatening condition are infants prone to when they have malrotation of the midgut?
Vovlulus
What external colonic muscle bands converge at the vermiform appendix and splay out to encircle the rectum?
Teniae coli, they are 3 longitudinal bands of muscle that run along the outside of the colon.
Failure of intestinal loops to return to the abdomen
Omphalocele
Failure of the abdominal wall to completely form.
Gastroschisis, leaves intestine exposed.
Newborn with projectile, clear vomit and failure to thrive.
Pyloric stenosis
Branches of the splenic artery to the fundus of the stomach
Short gastric arteries
Greater omentum joins the greater curvature of the stomach to what structure?
Transverse colon.
What is the name of the landmark where the duodenum exits the retroperitoneum and becomes the jejunum?
Ligament of Treitz (suspensory muscle of the abdomen)
What distinguishes the jejunum from the ileum?
Size, plicae circulares and length of vasa rectae.
What organ is the uncinate process a part of?
Pancreas
If one places the left index finger into this foramen and the thumb anterior to the foramen, the portal vein, proper hepatic artery and common bile duct will be pinched by your fingers.
Foramen of Winslow (epiploic foramen that enters the lesser sac)
3 branches from the celiac artery
Left gastric, common hepatic and splenic.
Duodenal ulcers can rupture what artery to cause major hemorrhage?
Gastroduodenal artery
What divides the liver into two lobes?
Plane that joins the gallbladder and IVC
3 tributaries of the portal vein
Splenic, SMV, IMV
How does the gallbladder drain into the common bile duct?
Via the cystic duct
Where does lymphatic drainage of the small intestine eventually end up?
Cisterna chyli -> Thoracic duct -> Left subclavian vein
What is it called when the bowel invaginates on itself?
Intussusception
What guides the main arteries of the spleen?
Splenorenal ligament
What major pancreatic duct is contained by duodenal papilla?
Pancreatic duct of Wirsung
What is the minor pancreatic duct called?
Santorini
Condition where Auerbach’s neural plexus is missing in the rectal area?
Hirschprung’s disease
Watershed region of the colon
Splenic flexure
Small artery that supplies the watershed region of the colon?
Marginal artery of Drummond, a branch from the SMA runs along the mesenteric border to the splenic flexure.
Where are colonic diverticulae most numberous?
Sigmoid colon
Severe cirrhosis and portal hypertension can cause massive hemorrhage via…
Esophageal varices rupture
What is Mecke’s diverticulum?
A remnant of the vitelline duct, also called omphalomesenteric duct.
