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Anatomy > Anatomy Quiz Ch 1 (part 1) > Flashcards

Anatomy Quiz Ch 1 (part 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Is the study of the structure and relationships between body parts

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

Is the study of how parts come together to function and keep the body alive

A

Physiology

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3
Q

What are the six levels of organization?

A

Chemical, cellular, tissue, organs, organ systems, the body

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4
Q

The body’s ability to maintain stable, internal conditions no matter what changes are occurring outside of the body

A

Homeostasis

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5
Q

Why is homeostasis important?

A

Survival is dependent on homeostasis, if not maintained we would die

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6
Q

Body is erect and facing forwards, with arms at the sides and palms forward

A

Anatomical position

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7
Q

Divides the body vertically in left and right parts

A

Sagittal

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8
Q

Slices the body vertically, but off to the side opposed to being split right at the center

A

Parasagittal

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9
Q

Splits the body vertically in front and back parts

A

Frontal or Ventral

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10
Q

Divides the body in half horizontally into top and bottom parts

A

Transverse

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11
Q

Axial parts

A

Head, neck and body

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12
Q

Appendicular parts

A

Appendages, arms and legs

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13
Q

Front of body

A

Anterior

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14
Q

Back of the body

A

Posterior or dorsal

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15
Q

Closer to the top of the head

A

Superior

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16
Q

Towards the bottom of the body

A

Inferior

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17
Q

Structures that are closer to the midline of the body

A

Medial

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18
Q

Structures further away from the midline of the body

A

Lateral

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19
Q

On appendages: areas closer to the body

A

Proximal

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20
Q

On appendages: areas further away from the body

A

Distal

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21
Q

Structures on the same side of the body (right or left)

A

Ipsillateral

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22
Q

On opposite sides of the body (right and left)

A

Contralteral

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23
Q

Closer to the body surface

A

Superficial

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24
Q

Further from the body’s surface, more interior

A

Deep or Visceral

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25
Q

How does the body maintain homeostasis?

A

Negative feedback loops

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26
Q

Microscopic anatomy: examination of tissues with a microscope

A

Histology

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27
Q

Microscopic anatomy: Microscopic examination of tissues for signs of disease

A

Histopathology

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28
Q

Microscopic anatomy: Study of structure and function of cells

A

Cytology

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29
Q

Microscopic anatomy: View detail under electron microscope

A

Ultrastructure

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30
Q

How are Histology, Histopathology, Cytology, and Ultrastructure all similar?

A

All are forms of microscopic anatomy (all use microscope)

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31
Q

Means between

A

Intermediate

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32
Q

At/near the tail or posterior end of the body

A

Caudal

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33
Q

Palm side of hand

A

Palmar

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34
Q

Back side of hand

A

Dorsal

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35
Q

Bottom of foot

A

Plantar

36
Q

Gross anatomy (larger body structures)
Histology (examination of tissues w/microscope)
Histopathology (microscopic examination o/tissues for signs of disease), cytology (study o/ structure and function of cells)
Ultrastructure (view detail under electron microscope)

A

Branches of anatomy

37
Q

Higher levels of organization are build from lower levels.
Molecules combine to form cells
Cells combine to form tissues
Tissues combine to form organs
Organs combine to form organ systems
Organ systems combine to form organisms

A

Levels of Organization (described)

38
Q

Neurophysiology (physiology of the nervous system), Endocrinology (physiology of hormones), Pathophysiology (mechanisms of disease)

A

Branches of Physiology

39
Q

Works to prevent an excessive response to the stimulus (think about temperature regulation)

A

Negative feedback loop

40
Q

Intensify response until an end point is reached

A

Positive feedback loop

41
Q

What are the two layer the serous membrane has?

A

Parietal and visceral (surrounding a fluid filled space)

42
Q

Serous membranes that cover the lungs

A

Pleural serosa (visceral and parietal)

43
Q

Serous membranes that cover the heart

A

Pericardial serosa (visceral and parietal)

44
Q

Serous membranes that covers some abdominopelvic organs

A

Peritoneum serosa (parietal and visceral)

45
Q

Thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities

A

Ventral body cavity

46
Q

Cranial and spinal cavities

A

Dorsal body cavity

47
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Brain

48
Q

Vertebral canal

A

Spinal cord

49
Q

Thoracic cavity: pleural cavities (2)

A

Lungs

50
Q

Thoracic cavity: pericardial cavity

A

Heart

51
Q

Abdominopelvic cavity: abdominal cavity

A

Digestive organs, spleen, kidneys

52
Q

Abdominopelvic cavity: pelvic cavity

A

Bladder, rectum, reproductive organs

53
Q

Development

A

Differentiation and growth

54
Q

Reproduction

A

Producing copies of themselves

55
Q

Evolution

A

Changes in genes

56
Q

A series of x-ray images taken from different angles around your body and uses computer processing to create cross-sectional images of the bones, blood vessels and soft tissues inside of your body.
Helps to diagnose muscle and bone disorders pinpoint the location of a tumor infection or blood clot, guide procedures such as surgery, biopsy and radiation therapy, detect and monitor diseases and conditions, monitor the effectiveness of certain treatments, detect internal injuries and internal bleeding

A

CT Scans

57
Q

Provides precise details of your body parts, especially soft tissues, with the help of magnetic fields and radio waves.
Is often used for disease detection, diagnosis, and treatment monitoring

A

MRI Scan

58
Q

An imaging test that uses radio tracers to assess organ in tissue functions.
Helps doctors test for diseases in your body

A

PET Scan

59
Q

A diagnostic imaging technique that involves scanning the body‘s internal organs using high frequency sound waves.
Helps to check for growths and foreign objects that are close to the body’s surface.

A

Ultrasonography

60
Q

How are CT Scans, MRI Scans, PET Scans, and ultrasonography scans similar?

A

All are imaging tests that help view inside the body

61
Q

How are CT scans, MRI scans, PET scans, and ultrasonography different?

A

All assess different potential issues in the body

62
Q

Living things exhibit a higher level of organization than nonliving things

A

Organization

63
Q

Living matter is always compartmentalized into one or more cells

A

Cellular composition

64
Q

Internal chemical reactions

A

Metabolism

65
Q

Ability to sense and react to stimuli (irritability or excitability)

A

Responsiveness

66
Q

Of organism and/or of substances within the organism

A

Movement

67
Q

Change in the environment

Step leads to Receptor

A

Stimulus

68
Q

Cells that detect and register a change

Step leads to Modulator

A

Receptor

69
Q

Structure where the change is processed and information relayed on

Step leads to Effector

A

Modulator

70
Q

Organs, glands or tissues that are instructed to adjust output or secretions to cause and ‘effect’

Step leads to Response

A

Effector

71
Q

The outcome of the adjustments

Can lead back to Stimuli

A

Response

72
Q

The smallest independently functioning biological unit of an organism is a(n) ___.

A

Molecule

73
Q

Metabolism can be defined as ___.

A

Sum of all chemical reactions in an organism

74
Q

A collection of similar tissues that preforms a specific function is an ___.

A

Organ

75
Q

The body system responsible for structural support and movement is the ___.

A

Skeletal system

76
Q

CJ is suck in her car during a bitterly cold blizzard. Her body responds to the cold by ___.

A

Breaking down stored energy

77
Q

After you eat lunch, nerve cells in your stomach respond to the dissension (the stimulus) resulting from the food. They relay this information to ___.

A

A control center

78
Q

Stimulation of the heat-loss center causes ___.

A

Sweat glands to increase their output

79
Q

What is the position of the body when it is in the “normal anatomical position?”

A

Body is standing upright, facing forward with the legs parallel to one another, palms facing forwards

80
Q

To make a banana split, you halve a banana into two long, thin, right and left sides along the ___.

A

Midsagittal plane

81
Q

The lumbar region is ___.

A

Superior to the popliteal region

82
Q

The heart is within the ___ cavity.

A

Chest

83
Q

Critical thinking question #30

A

Name the six lvls of organization of the human body

84
Q

Critical Thinking question #36

A

Identify the four components of a negative feedback loop and explain what would happen if secretion of a body chemical controlled by a negative feedback system become too great.

85
Q

Critical thinking question #39

A

If a bullet were to penetrate a lung, which three anterior thoracic body cavities would it enter, and which layer of the serous membrane would it enter first?

Anatomy (6 decks)

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