Anatomy pt 2

Question 1

Muscles of the floor of the mouth

Answer 1

Mylohyoid

Anterior belly of digastric

Question 2

Where does the submandibular duct open?

Answer 2

Deep to the mucosa of the floor of the mouth and opens on the sublingual PAPILLA

Question 3

Where does the parotid duct cross and where does it open on to?

Answer 3

Crosses masseter, pierces buccinator, opens of the the parotid papilla of the buccal mucosa

Question 4

General sensory to anterior 2/3rds tongue

Answer 4

Lingual nerve (branch of CNV3)

Question 5

Where do the chorda tympani’s parasympathetic axons synapse onto the next neurone in the chain?

Answer 5

Submandibular ganglion

Question 6

Where is the foramen caecum?

Answer 6

At the apex of the terminal groove

this used to be the thyroid

Question 7

Extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 7

Palatoglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
Genioglossus

Question 8

Which nerve would you find at the styloid process?

Answer 8

Hypoglossal nerve

Question 9

Testing the hypoglossal nerve

CNXII

Answer 9

Stick tongue out

• should be in midline
• if not, tongue points towards the side of the injured nerve

Question 10

Where does the hypoglossal nerve pass in the neck?

Answer 10

Passes anteriorly through the neck lateral to the loop of the lingual artery

Question 11

When do you refer to a plastic surgeon?

Answer 11

When laceration crosses vermillion border

Question 12

Epithelium on hard palate

Answer 12

Keratinised stratified squamous

Question 13

Epithelium on soft palae

Answer 13

Non-keratinised stratified squamous

Question 14

The palatine foraminae allow passage of which nerve?

Answer 14

CNV2 & vessels

Question 15

This functions as a trap door

Answer 15

Soft palate

Question 16

Why is the soft palate a trap door?

Answer 16

1) stops food from entering mouth or nose during swallowing
2) directs airs into the nose or mouth during speech, sneezing, coughing and vomitting
3) helps to close off the entrance into the oropharynx during the gag reflex

Question 17

Lifts the soft palate towards the base of the skull

Answer 17

Levator veli palatini

Question 18

Tenses the soft palat

Answer 18

Tensor veli palatini

Question 19

Nerve supply to the muscles of the soft palate (except tensor veli palatini)

Answer 19

Vagus nerve
(tensor veli palatini = CNV3)

Question 20

Testing CNX and CNV3

Answer 20

• should be in midline

- if not, uvula pulled AWAY from non-functioning side

Question 21

From eustachian tube to thyroid cartilage

Answer 21

Salpingopharyngeus

Question 22

Nerve supply to salpingopharyngeus

Answer 22

CNX

Question 23

Soft palate to thyroid cartilage

Answer 23

Palatopharyngeus

Question 24

These guide the bolus safely into the oesophagus

Answer 24

Piriform fossae

Question 25

Which nerves elevate the larynx towards the epiglottis during swallowing

Answer 25

CNIX and X

Question 26

Nerve supply to palatopharyngeus

Answer 26

CNX

Question 27

Nerve supply to stylopharyngeus

Answer 27

CNIX

Question 28

Where are your tubal tonsils

Answer 28

In the mucosa of the eustachian tube opening

Question 29

Where does lymph from the palatine tonsil drain?

Answer 29

The regional node (one of the deep cervical)

Question 30

Lymph nodes in illness vs. cancer

Answer 30

Infection: swollen, painful, soft, smooth, not fixed, improves rapidly with abx

Cancer: swollen, not painful, hard, irregular, fixed, do not improve

Question 31

Why do you feel lymph nodes bilaterally?

Answer 31

Midline structures drain bilaterally etc