Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiovascular system SA > Anatomy & Physiology of The Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Anatomy & Physiology of The Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Cardiovascular system a bulk flow system of

A 
O2 and CO2
Nutrients
Metabolites
Hormones
Heat
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is two characteristics of the cardiovascular system

A

Reliable

Flexible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What two pumps make up the cardiovascular system

A

Pulmonary circulation

systemic circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What features allow the cardiovascular system to be flexible

A

pump can vary output
vessels can redirect blood
vessels can store blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the benefits of the parallel arrangement of the vascular bed

A

All tissues get oxygenated

allows the regional redirection of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the benefit of the serial arrangement of the vascular bed

A

allows hormones to directly reach target rather than being diluted in the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Portion of cardiac output going to each region corresponds with oxygen consumption in each of these with the exceptions of cardiac output is bigger than its O2 consumption in:

A

the skin

The kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why is the oxygen consumption of the cardiac output to the kidney alot smaller in comparison to how much is being delivered

A

as the blood goes to the kidneys through the process of filtration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What organ groups uses 20% cardiac out put and 20% oxygen consumption

A

skeletal muscle - uses on demand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why does the skin have a higher cardiac out put than oxygen consumption

A

as uses the cardiac output for thermoregulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why is the heart percentage oxygen consumption higher than its percentage cardiac output

A

The heart is continuously working hard therefore has a high demand ??

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is the flow of blood determined?

A

flow is proportional to pressure difference and inversely proportional to resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the pressure difference between

A

mean arterial pressure - central venous pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What controls the resistance of the flow

A

the radi of the blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do arterioles control resistance

A

They act as taps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is an example of an elastic artery

A

the aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the capability of elastic arteries

A

store energy allowing for pressure variations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the structure of elastic arteries

A

wide lumen

with lots of elastic fibres in the tunica media

19
Q

What is the structure of muscular arteries

A

wide lumen,

No elastic fibres in the tunica media but surrounded by internal and external elastic lamina

20
Q

What is the property of muscular arteries

A

low resistance conduit

21
Q

What is another name for arterioles

A

resistance vessels

22
Q

What is resistance vessels made up of

A

Thick smooth muscle - (contractile wall)

Narrow lumen

23
Q

What does the thick contractile wall of the arterioles allow control of

A

regional redirection of blood as can control resistance due to contractions

24
Q

What kind of vessels are capillaries

A

exchange vessels

25
Q

What is the structure of capillaries

A

Very thin wall
Narrow lumen
(leads to greater surface area)

26
Q

What is the capacitance vessels made up of?

A

Venules and veins

27
Q

What is the structure of capacitance vessels

A 
wide lumen, distensible wall (swollen)
smooth muscle (however less than arteries)
28
Q

What factor of capacitance venuels allows fractional distribution of blood

A

low resistance conduit/ reservoir

allows the storage of blood

29
Q

Where is most of the blood volume contained

A

2/3 kept in the veins

30
Q

why must blood be stored

A

as excess needs to be available be expelled form th heart due to exercise or heat

31
Q

What separates the heart

A

the septum

32
Q

What is the wall of the heart called

A

Myocardium

33
Q

What does the superoir and inferior vena cave flow blood into

A

Right atrium

34
Q

What is the name of the right ventral AV valve

A

Tricuspid valve

35
Q

What blood vessels is deoxygenated blood pushed though leaving the right ventricle

A

Pulmonary artery

36
Q

What blood vessels does oxygenated blood return to the heart from the lungs through

A

Pulmonary vein

37
Q

What is the name of the left ventral AV valve

A

Mitral valve

bicuspid valve

38
Q

What is the function of thechordae tendinae

A

cord-like tendons that connect the papillary muscles to the tricuspid valve and the mitral valve in the heary and prevents them inverting

39
Q

What controls the opening and closing of the heart valves

A

The valves are passive, open and close due tot he pressure differences

40
Q

Where is papillary muscle located and what do they attach to

A

located in the ventricles of the heart - attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves (also known as the mitral and tricuspid valves)

41
Q

How does papillary muscles prevent valve inversion

A

contracts

42
Q

What allows output from right and left side of

heart to be equal

A

the series arrangements of the pumps

43
Q

what creates passive valves

A

papillary muscle

chordea tendon

44
Q

What valves are present in the aorta and pulmonary

A

semi lunar valves

Cardiovascular system SA (43 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions