Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

otolaryngology > Anatomy Of The Throat > Flashcards

Anatomy Of The Throat Flashcards

1
Q

Primary function of the oral cavity

A

Digestive organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do the tongue and palate aid speech

A

Modify sound from the larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where is the oral vestibule located

A

Between the internal surface of the lips and external surfaces of the teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where is the oral cavity proper located

A

Between the internal surface of the teeth and the oropharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

role of the palate

A

forms a division between the nasal and oral cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the 2 parts of the palate

A

hard and soft palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the hard palate made of

A

bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the soft palate made of

A

muscle fibres covered by a mucous membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

name the 3 foramina in the hard palate

A

incisive canal, greater and lesser palatine foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what passes through the incisive canal

A

nasopalatine nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what passes through the greater palatine foramen

A

greater palatine nerve and vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what passes through the lesser palatine foramen

A

lesser palatine nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what innervates the soft palate

A

lesser palatine nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

sensory innervation of the oral cavity

A

branches of the trigeminal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does the greater palatine nerve supply

A

most of the glandular structures of the hard palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what does the nasopalatine nerve innervate

A

the mucous membrane of the anterior hard palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

secretomotor innervation to the oral cavity

A

facial nerve, chorda tympani branch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what innervates the posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

CN 9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

general sensory innervation of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

A

lingual nerve of CN V3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

special sensory innervation of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

A

CN 7, via chorda tympani

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what produces saliva

A

major and minor seromucous glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

name the 3 major salivary glands

A

parotid, submandibular and sublingual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how does the parotid gland secrete into the mouth

A

by the upper 2nd molar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

how does the submandibular gland secrete into the mouth

A

via the lingual caruncle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

parasympathetic innervation of the parotid gland

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

innervation of the sublingual and submandibular glands

A

CN 7 and V3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

histology of salivary glands

A

exocrine glands made up of secretory acini

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what do mucinous acini of the salivary glands secrete

A

mucin (lubricant)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what do serous acini of the salivary glands secrete

A

digestive enzymes e.g. amylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what is waldeyers tonsillar ring

A

ring of lymphoid aggregation in the subepithelial layer of the oropharynx and nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

name the 4 types of tonsils

A

palatine tonsils (tonsils)
pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids)
lingual tonsils
tubal tonsils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

where are the lingual tonsils located

A

within the submucosa of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

arterial supply to the lingual tonsils

A

lingual artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

innervation of the lingual tonsil

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

location of the pharyngeal tonsil

A

located in the midline of the nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

tubal tonsil

A

lymphoid tissue around the opening of the Eustachian tube in the lateral wall of the nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

arterial supply of the tubal tonsils

A

ascending pharyngeal artery

38
Q

what is the fossa of rosenmuller

A

space created lateral to the adenoid and posteromedial to the eustachian tube orifice

39
Q

main function of the adenoids and tonsils

A

trap bacteria and viruses on inhalation to expose these organisms to the immune system

40
Q

histology of palatine tonsils

A

specialised stratified squamous epithelium with deep crypts and lymphoid follicles

41
Q

histology of the adenoids

A

ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with some stratified squamous epithelium and also a transitional layer deep to the SS layer

42
Q

what are the divisions of the pharynx

A

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

43
Q

where is the nasopharynx located

A

posterior to the nasal cavity to soft palate

44
Q

where is the oropharynx located

A

soft palate to superior border of the epiglottis

45
Q

where is the laryngopharynx located

A

superior border of the epiglottis to inferior border of the cricoid cartilage

46
Q

innervation of the pharyngeal muscles

A

vagus nerve except stylopharyngeus which is innervated by CN 9

47
Q

role of outer layer of pharyngeal muscles

A

forces bolus of food inferiorly

48
Q

describe the 2 layers of pharyngeal muscles

A

outer circular and inner longitudinal layer

49
Q

role of the inner layer of pharyngeal muscles

A

elevates the larynx and shortens the pharynx

50
Q

what is the outer layer of pharyngeal muscles composed of

A

3 pairs of constrictor muscles

51
Q

what is the inner layer of pharyngeal muscles composed of

A

3 pairs of longitudinal muscles
stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus and palatopharyngeus

52
Q

what is in the parapharyngeal space

A

pharyngeal plexus formed by CN 9 + 10

53
Q

what are the 3 phases of swallowing

A

oral phase, pharyngeal phase and oesophageal phase

54
Q

what is the laryngeal skeleton

A

a collection of 9 cartilages located within the neck

55
Q

what is the laryngeal skeleton suspended from

A

the hyoid bone by fibrous membranes

56
Q

what is the laryngeal skeleton made from

A

hyaline cartilage
EXCEPT for the epiglottis which is elastic cartilage

57
Q

why is it useful for the epiglottis to be made from elastic cartilage

A

allows swallowing and direction of food away from the airway

58
Q

what are the 3 main functions of the larynx

A

aids respiration- passage of air into the lungs
protects from aspiration
generates vibrations to aid with phonation

59
Q

what lines the internal larynx

A

respiratory mucosa

60
Q

name the 3 main regions of the internal larynx

A

laryngeal vestibule, laryngeal ventricles, infra-glottic region

61
Q

what divides the 3 regions of the larynx

A

vestibular fold and vocal fold

62
Q

what is another name for the vestibular fold of the larynx

A

false vocal chord

63
Q

what is another name for the vocal fold of the larynx

A

true vocal chord

64
Q

role of extrinsic muscles of the larynx

A

move the larynx superiorly and inferiorly

65
Q

what is special about the hyoid bone

A

only bone in the body not directly connected to another bone

66
Q

what does movement of the hyoid bone facilitate

A

swallowing and speech

67
Q

what can muscles attached to the hyoid bone be divided into

A

supra and infrahyoid groups

68
Q

how many infrahyoid muscles are the

A

4

69
Q

name the infrahyoid muscles

A

Sternohyoid
Omohyoid
Thyrohyoid
Sternothyroid

70
Q

how many suprahyoid muscles are there

A

4

71
Q

name the suprahyoid muscles

A

Digastric muscle
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Stylohyoid

72
Q

what do the intrinsic muscles of the larynx control

A

the shape of the rima glottidis and the length and tension of the vocal chords

73
Q

innervation of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve
EXCEPT the cricothyroid muscle

74
Q

innervation of the cricothyroid muscle

A

a branch of the superior laryngeal nerve

75
Q

proximal attachment of the cricothyroid muscle

A

anterolateral cricoid cartilage

76
Q

distal attachment of the cricothyroid muscle

A

inferior horn of thyroid cartilage

77
Q

action of the cricothyroid muscle

A

tenses vocal ligament increasing pitch

78
Q

proximal attachment of the thyroarytenoid muscle

A

posterior thyroid

79
Q

distal attachment of the thyroarytenoid muscle

A

anterior arytenoid cartilage

80
Q

action of thyroarytenoid muscle

A

relaxes vocal ligament decreasing pitch

81
Q

proximal attachment of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle

A

muscular process of arytenoid

82
Q

distal attachment of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle

A

anterior cricoid cartilage

83
Q

action of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle

A

adducts vocal ligaments

84
Q

proximal attachment of oblique and transverse arytenoid muscles

A

one arytenoid cartilage

85
Q

distal attachment of oblique and transverse arytenoid muscles

A

another cricoid cartilage

86
Q

action of oblique and transverse arytenoid muscles

A

adducts vocal ligaments to narrow the laryngeal inlet

87
Q

proximal attachment of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

A

posterior cricoid cartilage

88
Q

action of posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

A

only abductor of the vocal chords

89
Q

distal attachment of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

A

muscular process of arytenoid cartilage

90
Q

innervation of mucosa below the vocal chords

A

internal laryngeal nerve

91
Q

innervation of mucosa below the vocal chords

A

inferior laryngeal nerve

otolaryngology (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions