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ENT > Anatomy of the Pharynx > Flashcards

Anatomy of the Pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the oral vestibule located?

A

between the lips and teeth

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2
Q

What is the sublingual caruncle?

A

opening for submandibular gland

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3
Q

What is the sublingual caruncle a part of?

A

frenulum

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4
Q

What are the 2 muscles of the of the floor of the mouth?

A

geniohyoid; mylohyoid

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5
Q

What nerve supplies geniohyoid?

A

C1 via hypoglossal nerve

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6
Q

what nerve supplies mylohyoid?

A

V3

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7
Q

Where does the parotid gland enter the mouth?

A

by upper 2nd molar

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8
Q

How does the submandibular gland enter the mouth?

A

via lingual caruncle

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9
Q

how does the aublingual gland enter the mouth?

A

lays in floor of mouth and secreste vis severeal ducts

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10
Q

What nerve suppleois the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands?

A

CN VII

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11
Q

What does chorda tympni join to on its way to supply the salivary glands?

A

lingual nerve branch of V3

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12
Q

What is the secretomotor nerve supply to the parotid?

A

CN IX

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13
Q

How does CN IX get to the parotid gland?

A

synapses at the otic ganglion and travels on the auriculotemporal branch of V3

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14
Q

What nerve supplies general sensory to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?

A

V3

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15
Q

what nerve supplies special spensory to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?

A

VII

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16
Q

What nerve supplies the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue?

A

IX

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17
Q

What papillae do not take part in taste?

A

filiform papillae

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18
Q

hwat do the filiform papillae detect?

A

touch, temperature

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19
Q

What are the papillae with taste buds?

A

foliate; vallate; fungiform

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20
Q

What is the function of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

change the position of the tongue

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21
Q

What is the function fo the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

modify the shape of the tongue

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22
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

palatoglossus; styloglossus; genioglossus; hyoglossus

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23
Q

How does the he nerve descend in the neck?

A

lateral to the carotid sheath

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24
Q

At what level does hyoglossal nerve pass anteriorly towards the tongue?

A

hyoid bone

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25
Q

What would happen when the patient sticks their tongue out if there is unilateral CN XII damage?

A

the tongue tip will point towards the side of the injured nerve

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26
Q

How does the hypoglossal nerve get to the muscles of the tongue?

A

passes lateral to the loop of the lingual artery and lateral to hyoglossus

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27
Q

How do all nerves pass hyoglossus?

A

lateral

28
Q

How do all arteries pass to hyoglossus?

A

medial

29
Q

What type of epithelium lines the soft palate?

A

non-keratinised stratified squamous

30
Q

WWhat type of epithelium lines the hard palate?

A

keratinised stratified squmous

31
Q

What bones form the hard palate?

A

palatine processes of maxillae; palatine bones; lateral nad medial pteryhoid plates of sphenoid

32
Q

What do the greater and lesser palatine foramina carry?

A

branches of CN V2 and branches of maxilalry artery

33
Q

What is the purpose of the palatal rugae?

A

to assist with breaking down food

34
Q

What foramen is foun at the front of the hard paalte?

A

incisive foramen

35
Q

What are the muscles of the soft palate?

A

tensor veli palatini; levator veli palatini; musculus uvulae; palatoglossus; palatopharyngeus

36
Q

What muscles does CN X of the soft palate?

A

levator veli palatini; musculus uvulae; palatopharyngeus; palatoglossus

37
Q

What is the function of tensor veli palatini?

A

tenses the palatine aponeurosis

38
Q

What nerve supplies tensor veli palatini?

A

V3

39
Q

what is the function of palatopharyngeus?

A

lifts pharynx and thyroid cartilage

40
Q

What is the function of palatoglossus?

A

brings tongue and soft palate together

41
Q

What is the function of musculus uvulae?

A

shortens uvula

42
Q

What is the function of levator veli palatini?

A

lifts palatine aponeurosis

43
Q

What happens if there is unilateral nerve pathology when the patient opens mouth and says Ahhhh?

A

uvula will be pulled away from the non-functioning sideby the normal side

44
Q

What is the outer circular layer of the pharynx made of?

A

superior, middle and inferior constrictors

45
Q

What is the function of the inner longitudinal layer?

A

pulls larynx superiorly shortening pharynx during swallowing

46
Q

What nerve innervates the muscles of the phayrnx?

A

vagus

47
Q

What muscle is not supplied by the vagus?

A

stylopharyngeus

48
Q

What does the superiro constrictor attach to?

A

pterygoid hamulus; pterygomandibular raphe; mylohyoid line of mandible

49
Q

What does the middle constrictor attach to?

A

greater horn of hyoid

50
Q

What does the inferior constrictor attach to?

A

thyroid cartilage and cricoid cartilage

51
Q

Where is the gateway to the mouth located?

A

between the superior and middle constrictor muscles

52
Q

What passes through the gateway to the mouth?

A

CNIX; lingual artery and stylopharyngeus

53
Q

What do all the constrictor mscles insert onto?

A

midline raphe

54
Q

What does the midline raphe attach to superiorly?

A

pharyngeal tubercel of occipital bone

55
Q

What does the midline raphe form superiorly?

A

pharyngo-basilar fascia

56
Q

What nerve suppleis the circular muscles?

A

CN X via pharyngeal plexus

57
Q

What nerve supplies stylopharyngeus?

A

CN IX

58
Q

What does stylopharyngeus attach to?

A

styloid process

59
Q

What are the 3 longitudinal muscles ?

A

stylopharyngeus; palatopharyngeus; salpingopharyngeus

60
Q

What do the 3 longituidinal muscles all insert onto?

A

posterior border of thyroid cartilage

61
Q

What is found either side of the laryngeal aditus?

A

piriform fossae

62
Q

What is is the torus tubarius?

A

a fold of mucus superior to the opeining od the eustachian tube

63
Q

What is the salpingopharyngeal fold

A

stretches from the lower part of torus tubarius- contains the salpingopharyngeal muscle

64
Q

What makes up Waldeyer’s Ring?

A

pharyngeal (adenoid) tonsil; tubal tonsil; palatine tonsil; lingual tonsil

65
Q

What are the regional nodes for the tip of the tongue?

A

submental nodes

66
Q

What does the jugulo-digastric node drain?

A

palatine tonsil

67
Q

Where does all the lymph eventuall drain?

A

deep cervical nodes within the carotid sheath

ENT (13 decks)

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