Anatomy of the Neck

Question 1

What is the anterior triangle bound by?

Answer 1

• Inferior border of the mandible
• Anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
• Midline of the neck

Question 2

What is the roof of the anterior triangle?

Answer 2

Deep investing fascia around muscles

Question 3

What is the floor of the anterior triangle?

Answer 3

Pretracheal fascia and the carotid sheath

Question 4

What is the anterior triangle divided into?

Answer 4

• Submandibular triangle
• Submental triangle
• Carotid triangle
• Omotracheal triangle

Question 5

What are the borders of the submandibular triangle?

Answer 5

• Anterior and posterior bellies of digastric

* Body of the mandible

Question 6

What passes through the submandibular triangle?

Answer 6

• Submandibular gland
• Submandibular lymph node
• Facial artery
• Facial vein
• Part of CNxII - hypoglossal

Question 7

What are the borders of the submental triangle?

Answer 7

• Anterior belly of digastric
• Hyoid
• Midline

Question 8

What passes through the submental triangle?

Answer 8

• Submental lymph nodes

Question 9

What is the origin of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle?

Answer 9

• Digastric fossa on the lower medial aspect of the mandible

Question 10

What is the origin of the posterior belly of digastric?

Answer 10

• Mastoid notch on the medial side of the mastoid process

Question 11

What forms the cervical plexus?

Answer 11

• Anterior rami of C1-C4

Question 12

What are the muscular branches of the cervical plexus?

Answer 12

• Phrenic nerve (C3-5) to the diaphragm

* Ansa cervi alis (C1-3) to the infra hyoid muscle

Question 13

What are the cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus?

Answer 13

• Lesser occipital nerve (C2)
• Great auricular nerve (C2-3)
• Transverse cervical (C2-3)
• Supraclavicular nerve (C3-4)

Question 14

When do the cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus become superficial?

Answer 14

Erb’s point: halfway on the posterior border of sternocleidomastoid

Question 15

What are the common carotid arteries branches of?

Answer 15

• On the right: Brachiocephalic trunk

* On the left: Aortic arch

Question 16

When do the common carotids bifurcate?

Answer 16

• At c3/4 level

* Upper margin of thyroid cartilage

Question 17

What is the internal jugular vein a continuation of?

Answer 17

The sigmoid sinus

Question 18

Where does the internal jugular vein exit the skull?

Answer 18

Jugular foramen

Question 19

What does the internal jugular vein join with and what does this form?

Answer 19

Joins the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein

Question 20

Where does the external jugular vein begin?

Answer 20

At the angle of the mandible, joining the retromandibular and posterior auricular veins

Question 21

Which muscle does the external jugular vein pass over?

Answer 21

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 22

What does the external jugular vein drain into?

Answer 22

The subclavian vein

Question 23

Where does the anterior jugular vein arise?

Answer 23

Near the hyoid bone

Question 24

What does the anterior jugular vein drain into?

Answer 24

The external jugular vein

Question 25

What is the jugular venous arch

Answer 25

Connection of the left and right anterior jugular veins

Question 26

What is the anterior groove on the first rib formed from?

Answer 26

The subclavian vein

Question 27

What is the posterior groove on the first rib formed by

Answer 27

Subclavian artery and inferior trunk of brachial plexus

Question 28

What separates the two grooves on the first rib?

Answer 28

Scalene tubercle