Anatomy of the Generalized Cell Flashcards
List the 3 main components of the cell. (3)
- Nucleus
- Cytoplasm
- Plasma membrane
What are the characteristics of the nuclear envelope? (4)
- Double membrane barrier
- Fluid-filled space in between the two barriers
- Semi-permeable
- Has large pores
What occurs within the nucleoli?
Ribosomes are assembled
What is the purpose of the plasma membrane?
Separate the cellular contents from the surrounding environments
List the 3 main elements of cytoplasm. (3)
1 Cystol
- Organelles
- Inclusions
Define: mitochondria
Double-membraned organelle which is responsible for creating ATP/energy
What is the difference between rough ER and smooth ER?
- Rough ER is studded with ribosomes and is the cell membrane factory
- Smooth ER communicate with rough ER and functions in lipid metabolism
What kind of ER is the liver full of?
Smooth ER
What is the golgi apparatus’s main function?
To modify and package proteins
What is the main function of lysosomes and what makes them efficient at it? (2)
- Breaking down and digesting bodies
2. They are membranous bags full of powerful digestive enzymes
Why are erythrocytes concave?
To provide more surface area
What shape are epithelial cells generally?
Hexagon
What are the 7 main activities cells can do?
- Metabolize
- Digest
- Dispose of wastes
- Grow
- Move
- Respond to stimuli
- Reproduce
What is the difference between passive and active transport?
Passive - transported without energy required to occur
Active - transported using ATP
How does active transport pump sodium and potassium, and where do they each predominantly exist in relation to the cell? (2)
- Sodium is pushed out of the cell; potassium is pulled into the cell
- More sodium outside the cell and more potassium inside the cell
