Anatomy of the foot Flashcards
What is different about the bones in the big toe?
There is only a proximal and distal phalanx while the other bones have a proximal, medial, and distal
What bones make up the hind foot?
- Calcaneus
2. Talus
What bones make up the mid foot?
- Cuneiform bones = lateral intermediate, and medial
- Cuboid bone
- Navicular
What bones make up the fore foot?
- Phalanges
2. Metatarsals
What bones make up the ball of the foot?
- Sesamoid of 1st metatarsal
2. Head of 2nd metatarsal
What attaches to the groove for peroneus longus?
Peroneus longus tendon attaches here and goes across the foot to attach to the medial and intermediate cuneiform
Characteristics of the dorsal surface of the foot
- Deep fascia of the foot that is continuous with the crural fascia of the leg
- Deep fascia also goes to the plantar surface of the foot
- Inferior extensor retinaculum
Inferior extensor retinaculum
- Looks like a Y laying on its side
- Consists of 3 parts:
- stem
- superomedial limb- anterior surface of medial malleolus
- inferomedial lumb- attahes by blending with the plantar fascia
What cutaneous nerves supply the foot?
- Saphenous nerve
- Lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve
- Superficial peroneal nerve
- Deep peroneal nerve
What part of the foot does the saphenous nerve innervate?
Medial side down to the 1st metatarsal
What nerve does the lateral cutaneous branch come from?
Continuation of the sural nerve
What does the superficial peroneal nerve branch to?
Medial and intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerves
What part of the foot does the deep peroneal nerve innervate?
Supplies skin between the 1st and 2nd toes
What is the only intrinsic muscle of the foot?
Extensor digitorum brevis
What are the tendons in the foot?
- Extensor digitorum longus tendon
- Extensor hallucis longus tendon
- Extensor hallucis brevis
Extensor Digitorum longus tendon
One tendon for each of the lateral 4 toes
Where does the extensor hallucis longus attach?
1st toe only
Describe the extensor hallucis brevis tendon
Goes to the 1st toe
Tendon of extensor digitorum brevis
What is the nerve supply to the extensor digitorum brevis muscle?
Deep peroneal nerve