Anatomy of the Eye Flashcards
Where is aqueous humor produced?
Ciliary body
What other parts of the eye does the aqueous humor travel through?
Goes through the pupil into the anterior chamber
What is the function of the aqueous humor?
-Nourishes avascular cornea and lens
-Provides nutrients
-Removes waste
What is the aqueous humor absorbed into?
Scleralvenous sinus
What increases intraocular pressure?
-If too much aqueous humour is produced
-If too much aqueous humour is reabsorbed
What happens if too much aqueous humour is produced or if too much aqueous humour is reabsorbed?
Increase in intraocular pressure
Glaucoma
What is another word for increased intraocular pressure?
Glaucoma
What nourishes the avascular cornea and lens?
Aqueous humour
What provides nutrients and removes waste?
Aqueous Humour
What is the choroid made up of?
Made up of two blood vessels
What is the function of the choroid?
Provide blood supply to the sclera and retina
Where does the choroid supply blood to?
Sclera and retina
Which layer of the eye is the choroid a part of?
Vascular layer
Posterior
What is the ciliary body?
A thickening of the vascular layer
What is the ciliary body made of?
Blood vessels and smooth muscle
What two parts of the eye are attached by the ciliary body?
The choroid layer and the circumference of the iris
What attaches the choroid layer and the circumference of the iris?
Ciliary muscle
What does the internal surface of the ciliary body contain?
Ciliary projections
Where are the ciliary projections found?
The internal surface of the ciliary body
What are ciliary projections?
Attachments for the suspensory ligaments
What are the attachments for suspensory ligaments called?
Ciliary projections
What is the function of the ciliary projections?
Keep the lens in place
What is produced in the ciliary body?
Aqueous humour
Which layer of the eye is the ciliary body a part of?
Vascular layer
Anterior
What is the function of the iris?
-Responsible for eye colour
-Regulates the amount of light that passes through the pupil
Where is the iris found?
The anterior surface of the lens
Vascular region
Where is the retina found?
Inner layer
Beneath the vascular layer
What are the two different parts of the retina called?
-Optical retina
-Non-visual retina
Where is the optical retina found?
Right below the choroid layer
What happens at the optical retina?
-It is where the light impacts and is detected by photoreceptors
-Can be used to analyse and detect abnormalities affecting the eye
Where are the photoreceptors found?
Optical retina
Where is the non-visual retina found?
-Underneath the optical retina
-Covers the ciliary body and posterior iris
What is the non-visual retina?
-Not sensitive to light
-Blind spot
Which part of the retina is used to analyse and detect abnormalities affecting the eye?
Optical retina
What is used to examine the eye?
Opthalmoscope
Where is the optic disk found?
Back of the retina
What is the function of the optic disk?
-Exit for optic nerve and central retinal vein
-Entrance of central retinal artery and posterior region
Is the optic disk a blind spot?
Yes
No photoreceptors
Where is the macula found?
-Lateral to the optic disk
-Found in the back of the retina
What does the macula contain?
Only cone cells
What is the function of the macula?
Helps with acuity of vision
Prevents blurriness
What is the central are of the macula called?
Fovea centralis
Where is the fovea centralis found?
Centre of the macula
Where is the most acute vision sensed?
Fovea centralis
What is another name for the posterior segment?
Vitreous chamber
What is another name for the vitreous chamber?
Posterior segment
What dense fluid does the posterior segment contain?
Vitreous humour
Where is vitreous humour found?
Vitreous chamber/Posterior segment
What are the functions of the vitreous humour?
-Provides support to the lens
-Holds retina in place
-Transparent
What is the function of the cornea?
Makes light rays converge through the pupil
Does the curvature of the cornea change?
No
What type of structure is the lens?
An elastic and biconcave structure
Which surfaces of the eye are convex?
Both posterior and anterior segments
What can be done to change a lens’s curvature?
Bulged or stretched
What is the function of the lens?
Allows us to fine-tune our ability to focus
