Anatomy of female reproductive system Flashcards
3 layers of the uterus
serosa
myometrium - smooth muscle branches of BV and nerves
endometrium
How do you get cervical intraepithelial neoplasia?
chronic infection of the cervix with HPV, especially infection with high-risk HPV types 16 or 18.
on a cervical smear tests how do you know if cancer cells are present
large nuclei and abnormal distribution of chromatin
parts of the Fallopian tubes starting at ovaries
infundibulum + fimbriae, ampulla(widest) , isthmus ( narrowest) and intramural
adorned with the broad ligament - attached
ant to utter s is the bladder and uterovesical pouch
laterally is the broad ligament ureters and round ligament of ovary and uterus what is posterior to the uterus
rectouterine pouch - pouch of Douglas + ileum and sigmoid colon
infection of the peritoneal cavity may lead to salpingitis what is this
inflammation of the uterine tube
does the uterus flow over or under the uterine artery
under it
water flows under the bridge
normal uterine position
anteverted and anteflexed
what does an anteflexed uterus mean
what does an anteverted uterus mean
means the uterus is tilted towards the front of the abdomen
your uterus tilts forward at the cervix toward your abdomen
how does the vgaina extend
superiorly and posteriorly
what is a vaginal fistula
A vaginal fistula is an abnormal opening that connects your vagina to another organ, such as your bladder, colon or rectum.
vesicouterine
vesciovaginal( bladder and the wall of the vagina)
urethrovaginal
rectovaginal
what prolapses can occur
uterine prolapse
bladder prolapse - cystocele
and a back passage prolapse - rectocele
ant to vagina is the bladder and urethra , laterally is the ureter, elevator and and urogenital diaphragm what is post to bladder
rectouterine pouch, rectum and perineal body
blood supply of the ovaries
LN
ovarian branch of L1 aorta
lymph vessel drain into para aortic nodes at L1
veins drain into what
on right into IVC
on left into renal vein
through what structure does the round ligament travel through
inguinal canal
what does the round ligament do and connect
cause pain in preg - stretch 2-8 inches
connects the uterus to the groin region
supports the uterus
sup perineal pouch contains what
external female genitalia
deepest is erectile tissue - clitoris
middle are muscles covering erectile tissue e
sup is the surface anatomical features
what are skenes glands
may secrete fluid that helps with urination and cleanliness. They may also have a function for sexual intercourse, possibly providing the fluid for female ejaculation.
what are bartholins glands
The Bartholin’s glands are located on each side of the vaginal opening. They secrete fluid that helps lubricate the vagina. Sometimes the ducts of these glands become obstructed and fluid backs up, forming a cyst.
what is important sign of varicose veins in pregnancy
valvular varicose vein - bluish discolouration of the vulva
difference between genital warts and herpetic lesions
Genital warts and herpes can be hard to tell apart since they both appear in the genital area. However, genital warts are small, flesh-colored bumps whereas herpes sores look like blisters or open wounds. Both genital warts and genital herpes can be sexually transmitted through skin-on-skin contac
herpes more white
chief source of ovaries
ovarian artery
interall iliac branches into what that supply female organs
uterine artery
vaginal artery - middle part of vagina
internal pudendal artery - supply for sup perineum, labia major , labia minroia and lower vagina and clitoris
when do you give a pudendal nerve block and anaesthesia
2nd stage of Labour when the head appears
what two episiotomy can we do
medio-lateral and midline
nerve supply of female repro organs
pain from body via sympathetic T11,12 and L1
pain from cervix via para S2-4
general sensation and voluntary motor control from the perineum = pudendal nerve S2-4
treatment for vaginal yeast examinations
fluconazole (Diflucan)
CIN can be diagnosed with vinegar true or false
true tunes the cervix white - this leads to cervical cancer
bulbospongious muscle in both males and females function
In males, empties the urethra; in females, clenches the vagina
