Anatomy of a Cell

Question 1

structures that function in cell reproduction

Answer 1

Centrioles

Question 2

hairlike extensions on the surface of cells that are capable of movement

Answer 2

Cilia

Question 3

membrane network of “road” and “channels” that wind through cytoplasm

Answer 3

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 4

a sperm cell’s tail

Answer 4

Flagella

Question 5

the cell’s “digestive system”

Answer 5

Lysosomes

Question 6

“power plants” that burn food in the presence of oxygen to make cell energy

Answer 6

Mitochondria

Question 7

“protein factories” that make proteins

Answer 7

Ribosomes

Question 8

the spheroid body within a cell that dictates protein production - controls transport, metabolism, growth, and heredity

contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli

Answer 8

Nucleus
(pl. Nuclei)

Question 9

a rounded body that synthesizes cell protein

Answer 9

Nucleolus

Question 10

specialized structures within cytoplasm that perform vital cell functions

Answer 10

Organelles

Question 11

Suffix

formative, formed material

Answer 11

-PLASM

Question 12

the outside boundary of the cell

Answer 12

Plasma Membrane

Question 13

Root Word

a cell

Answer 13

CYT/O-

Question 14

a substance between the plasma membrane and nucleus of all cells

Answer 14

Cytoplasm

Question 15

transmits genetic information and determines every detail of an organisms appearance, structure, and function

Answer 15

DNA

Question 16

Chemical needed for production of protein within cells

Answer 16

RNA - ribonucleic acid

Question 17

regions of DNA organized into the body’s “blueprint”

Answer 17

Genes

Question 18

short, tightly coiled rods that contain genes

Answer 18

Chromosomes

Question 19

Root Word

the nucleus

Answer 19

KARY/O-

Question 20

the substance of the nucleus

Answer 20

Karyoplasm

Question 21

a map-like picture of chromosomes within the nucleus

Answer 21

Karyotype

Question 22

the building of metabolic phase - grows, maintains, and repairs body structures

Answer 22

Anabolism

Question 23

the breaking-down metabolic phase - producing energy from food and oxygen

Answer 23

Catabolism

Question 24

the chemical processes by which cells obtain and use energy

Answer 24

Metabolism

Question 25

a saltwater solution that bathes every cell in the body

Answer 25

Tissue Fluid

Question 26

movement of substances

Answer 26

Diffusion

Question 27

diffusion of water across cell membranes

Answer 27

Osmosis