Anatomy: lower renal tract and male repro

Question 1

what is the false pelvis

Answer 1

iliac crests to pelvic inlet

Question 2

where is the true pelvis

Answer 2

pelvic inlet to pelvic floor (pelvic cavity)

Question 3

what is the main pelvic floor/ diaphragm muscle

Answer 3

levator ani

Question 4

where is the perineum

Answer 4

between pelvic floor (levator ani) and skin

Question 5

what is the route of the ureters to the bladder

Answer 5

sub peritoneal. anterior to common iliacs at ischial spine turn medially and enter post bladder

Question 6

why do ureters enter bladder at inferomedial angle

Answer 6

prevents reflux back into ureters when bladder contracts

Question 7

what pouch is the most inferior part of the male peritoneal cavity

Answer 7

rectovesicle pouch

Question 8

in the male anatomy, what is at the deep inguinal ring

Answer 8

testicular vessels and vas deferens

Question 9

what is the post inferior part of the female peritoneal cavity

Answer 9

rectouterine pouch (of douglas)

Question 10

what additional pouch do women have

Answer 10

vesico uterine (between bladder and uterus)

Question 11

what attaches the uterus to the perineum via the inguinal canal

Answer 11

round ligament of the uterus

Question 12

in females, where does the ureter run

Answer 12

inferiorly to uterine rubes and artery (water under the bridge)

Question 13

in males, where does the uterine run

Answer 13

inferiorly to the vas deferens

Question 14

what makes up the trigone of the bladder

Answer 14

2 ureteric orifices (base and posterior), internal urethral orifice

Question 15

what is the main muscle of the bladder wall

Answer 15

detrusor muscle

Question 16

what happens to close the ureteric orifices when the bladder contracts

Answer 16

detrusor muscle fibres contract around orifices closing them to prevent reflux

Question 17

what is the function of the detrusor muscle - internal urethral sphincter muscle around the neck of the bladder in males

Answer 17

contracts in ejaculation to prevent sperm entering/ pee exiting

Question 18

in women, what separates the bladder from the uterus and which is more superior

Answer 18

uterovesical pouch, uterus is superior, bladder most anterior organ in pelvis

Question 19

in males, what lies inferior to the bladder

Answer 19

prostate gland

Question 20

where can a full bladder extent too

Answer 20

superior to the pubic bone (some of it)

Question 21

what 2 ways can you catheterise a patient

Answer 21

urethral, suprapubic

Question 22

what type of urethra is in the penis of males

Answer 22

spongy urethra

Question 23

what course does sperm take from the testes to outside

Answer 23

teste. epididymis, vas deferens (up through deep inguinal ring, over bladder, down next to rectum), seminal gland, ejaculatory duct, prostate gland, prostate urethra, spongy urethra, external urethral orifice

Question 24

where do testes decend from in foetal development

Answer 24

posterior abdomen, through inguinal canal to scrotum

Question 25

what travels through the spermatic cord

Answer 25

testicular artery/ vein, vas deferens, lymph, nerves (autonomic and somatic)

Question 26

inside the scrotum, what sac do they testes sit in

Answer 26

tunica vaginalis

Question 27

what is excess fluid in the tunica vaginalis called

Answer 27

hydrocele

Question 28

what is torsion of the testes and what can it result in

Answer 28

twisting of spermatic cord –> severe pain, testicular necrosis

Question 29

where do the testicular arteries brach off of and where do they pass through

Answer 29

branch of separately from descending abdo aorta (left more sup) then pass through deep inguinal ring

Question 30

where do the right and left testicular veins drain too

Answer 30

right to IVC, left to left renal vein

Question 31

where is the epididymis palpated

Answer 31

posterior aspect of superior pole of testes

Question 32

what zone of the prostate is examined in a PR

Answer 32

peripheral zone

Question 33

what are the 3 erectile tissue cylinders called and what happens to them during an erection

Answer 33

R/L corpus cavernosum, corpus spongiosum

Question 34

where does blood supply from the penis come from

Answer 34

deep arteries of the penis from internal pudendal artery from internal iliaxx

Question 35

where does blood from the scrotum come from

Answer 35

internal pudendal from external iliac

Question 36

where does lymph from the scrotum and penis drain

Answer 36

superficial inguinal lymph node

Question 37

where does lymph from the testis drain

Answer 37

lumbar nodes