Anatomy Lecture 4: Thoracic Horse Flashcards
What is the latin word for the knee of the horse
Carpus
what is the proper word for the cannon bone?
Metacarpal 3
Long pastern/fetlock bone is also known as the
proximal phalanx (P1)
short pastern bone/pastern bone is also known as the
middle phalanx (P2)
coffine bone, aka
distal phalanx (P3)
Which large muscle is best for intramuscular injections?
the pectoral muscles
Name the tendons involved in the stay apparatus
- superficial digital flexor tendon
- deep digital flexor tendon
- suspensory apparatus
- superior/proximal check ligament
- inferior/distal check ligament
Suspensory apparatus (aka suspensory ligament) is part of which muscle?
interosseus muscle
what are the muscles involved in the stay apparatus?
- serratus ventralis thoracis muscle
- biceps brachii muscle
- lacertus fibrosus muscle
- exentsor carpi radialis muscle
- common digital extensor muscle
- triceps brachii muscle
What is the cause Tendinitis/bowed tendon of the SDFT?
- Tendinitis is inflammation of the tendon, caused by overextension of the fetlock, which can lead to tearing
- overexentsion can be caused by poor confirmation in a breed, poor trimming/shoeing, working a fatigued horse, poor footing, or direct trauma to the tendon
What happens to tendon fibers when “over loading” occurs? When “complete failure” occurs?
- some fibers break during over loading
- complete failure is the tearing of the entire tendon
What surgical procedure is done to fix tendinitis at the SDFT? What does the surgery do?
- superior check ligament desmotomy
- removes stress from SDFT, distributing to muscular portion of SDF
Flexor tendon rupture is the complete tearing of which tendons? what is tendon rupture 1, 2, and 3?
-superficial digital flexor
-deep digital flexor
-suspensory ligament
1=SDF, 2= SDF+DDF, 3=SDF+DDF+SL
What joint is best for injecting drugs? What muscle is closest?
- carpal joint
- the joint is caudal to the lateral digital extensor muscle
Club foot is the uncontrolled [action] of the _____ bone
flexion of the coffin bone
what surgical process treats club foot?
inferior check ligament desmotomy
What are the split bones?
-carpal bones 2 and 4
The button of ____ bone is found just cranial to the ______
splint bones, cranial to the suspensory ligament
Tendinitis of the fetlock is treated by which surgery
What occurs in the surgery?
annular ligament desmotomy
-removes compression on the annular ligament, improving circulation
windpuff/windgall is another name for what?
Tendinitis of the Annular ligament, constrction/inflammation of the ligament
the proximal sesamoid bones are found
between the proximal phalanx and metacarpal
Navicular bone is also know as the _____ and lies _____ to the _____ bone
distal sesamoid bone, lies palmar to the coffin bone
Coronet band is found where
where the hoof bone meets the leg
which parts of the hoof are weight bearing structures?
the hoof wall and the frog
Where are horse shoe nails embedded
into the white line
-explain the hoof mechanism, or how does the hoof support the horse’s weight? What else does it do?
- when weight is put on the hoof, the heel area expands (contracts again when weight is removed)
- the expanding and contracting of the hoof helps pump blood in the veins back up the leg
How do hoof side bones arise?
- from frequent concussive force applied to the hoof, such as when walking on cement
- in response the cartilage in the hoof calcifies, become sidebone, which can stop the hoof from contracting properly
- Quittor is____
- treated by
necrosis of the collateral cartilage
-treated by removal of necrotic tissue
navicular disease is
the inflammation or degeneration of the navicular bone and its surrounding tissues
local anesthetic should be applied where in the bovine forelimb?
dorsal common digital vein 3
sole ulcers on cow hooves should be treated by applying a
block, over the claw
