Anatomy Lab 4 Histology Flashcards
The tissue level of structural organization is defined as ___________.
2 or more cells that share a similar origin and common structural and functional features.
What are the 4 general tissue types?
Epithelial, Connective, Muscular, Nervous
What is the function of epithelial tissue?
Covers body surfaces, lines cavities, and forms glands.
What is the function of connective tissue?
Connects, supports, and protects cells.
What is the function of muscular tissue?
Contracts (is very elastic; can stretch and recoil back to original length)
Glandular epithelium contains a lot of ______ for secretion.
Golgi Apparatus
Epithelial cells are continuous, meaning that _______.
Every cell touches another.
Why is it that many cancers are epithelial?
Because epithelial tissue has a high mitotic regeneration rate
Epithelial cells do not have blood vessels, so they are therefore __________. Cell layers must be _____ so that nutrients can reach the cells.
Avascular; Thin
Describe how to name Epithelial Cells (First Name, Last Name)
First Name (layers)= Simple (one cell layer deep), stratified (2+ cell layers deep), and pseudostratified (one cell layer deep but appears to have multiple. Last name(shape)= Squamous(flat irregular shaped like eggs), Cuboidal (cube-shaped and large nucleus), Columnar (tall thin cells column like), Transitional (Varying in shape)
APICAL = _______, BASAL= ______
Apical is the border on the superficila edge of the cell, basal is on the deep edge of the cell
Where is the basement membrane located on Epithelial cells?
Just beneath the basal border
Where is simple squamous epithelium commonly found?
alveoli of lungs, capillaries
Where is Stratified Squamous Epithelium commonly found?
Skin, mouth, and rectum
Where is simple cuboidal epithelium commonly found?
kidney tubules
Where is stratified cuboidal epithelium commonly found?
Lines some ducts (though rare)
Where is simple columnar epithelium commonly found?
Digestive tract
Where is stratified columnar epithelium commonly found?
Anus, mammry ducts
Where is pseudostratified columnar epithelium commonly found?
nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchi
Where is transitional epithelium commonly found?
urinary bladder, ureter
Where is glandular epithelium commonly found?
glandular tissue
Areolar and Adipose connective tissue are both _______. Differentiate them.
Loose connective tissue; Areolar=w.o fat cells, Adipose=lots of fat cells
Dense Irregular Connective tissue and dense regualr connective tissue have collagen that differ how?
Irregular=collagen not highly alligned, regular=highly aligned
“-blast” means
immature, more active, & matrix secreting cells
“-cyte” means
mature, less active
What are the 5 fixed cells?
Fibroblasts, Microphages, Adipocytes, Melanocytes, Mesenchymal
Chondrocytes are ____ and condroblasts are _____
Mature, immature
Hyaline is found ____________. It covers _____ at the ___________. It supports the _______.
between tips of ribs and bones of sternum; covers bone surfaces @ synovial joints, supports larynx
Hyaline’s functions
Provides tiff yet somewhat flexible support; reduces friction btwn bony surfaces
What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?
Smooth Muscle, Skeletal Muscle, and Cardiac Muscle
Neurons vs neuroglia
neurons = conducting, neuroglia = supporting
