Anatomy II Lecture 14: Foot Flashcards
What is the blood supply of the dorsum of the foot?
- Anterior tibial artery via dorsalis pedis artery
- Arcuate artery: Gives off dorsal metatarsals to dorsal digitals
- Deep plantar artery
What is the cutaneous innervation of the dorsum of the foot?
Superficial peroneal nerve
What innervates the extensor hallucis brevis and extensor digitorum braves?
Lateral branch of the deep peroneal nerve
What is innervated by the medial branch of the deep peroneal nerve?
Cutaneous innervation of the dorsum of the foot
What nerve gives off lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve?
Sural nerve (Innervates the dorsum of the foot)
What are the three nerves of the dorsum of the foot?
Superficial peroneal nerve
Deep peroneal nerve
Sural nerve
What tendons pass through both retinaculas?
Tendons of peroneus longus and brevis
What are the two retinacula?
superior peroneal and inferior peroneal
What tendons are bound down by the extensor reinaculum?
Extensor digitorum
Extensor hallucis longus
Tibialis anterior
What tendons are bound town by the flexor retinaculum?
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
(Tom Dick and Harry)
What are the three muscles of the dorsum of the foot?
Extensor digitorum brevis
Extensor hallucis brevis
Dorsal interossei
What is the reference for the abductions of the toes?
Second toe
What muscle abducts the toes?
Dorsal interossei
What does the posterior tibial artery supply?
Sole fo the foot via the medial and lateral arteries
What three nerves are the cutaneous supply for the sole of the foot?
Tibial nerve (Medial calcaneal, medial plantar, and lateral plantar)
Saphenous nerve
Sural nerve
Tibial nerve via lateral and medial plantar nerves innervates what?
Motor functions of the sole of the foot ***
He says know this
What are the superficial layers of the sole of the foot?
Skin and Plantar aponeurosis
What is the first muscle layer of the sole of the foot?
Abductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum brevis
Abductor digit minimi
What tendons are part of the first layer of tendons in the sole of the foot?
Flexor digitorum longus tendon
Flexor hallucis longus tendon
What does the abudctor hallucis insert to?
Medial SESAMOID and base of proximal phalanx of GREAT TOE
What does the flexor digitorum brevis attach to?
Sides of MIDDLE phalanges of digits 2-5
What does the abductor digit minimi insert to?
Proximal phalanx of little toe
What innervates the abductor hallucis
Medial plantar: S1-2
What innervates the flexor digitorum brevis?
Medial Plantar: L5, S1-2
What innervates the Abductor digiti minimi?
Lateral plantar: S2-3
What muscles are part of the second muscle layer of the sole of the foot?
Quadratus plantae
Lubricals
What is the function of the abductor hallucis
Abducts the great toe and help to flex MP joint
What is inserted into the lateral edge of the tendon of the flexor digitorum longus?
Quadratus Plantae
What helps to flex DIP joints of digits 2-5?
Quadratus Plantae
What innervates Quadratus Plantae?
Lateral plantar S2-3
What innervates lumbricals 2-4?
Lateral plantar nerve S2-3
What innervates lumbrical 1?
Medial plantar nerve S2-3
What is the action of the lumbricals?
Flexes the MP joints and extends the PIP and DIP joints of digits 2-5
What are the three muscles of the third layer of muscles of the sole of the foot?
Adductor hallucis
Flexor digit minimi brevis
Flexor hallucis brevis
What is the action of the flexor hallucis brevis?
Flexes proximal phalanx of first digit
What is the action of the adductor hallucis?
Adducts the great toe at the MP joint
What is the action of the digiti minimi brevis?
Flexes the PIP joint of the LITTLE toe
What is the innervation of the flexor hallucis brevis?
Medial plantar nerve S2-S3
What is the innervation of the adductor hallucis?
Lateral plantar S2-3
What is the innervation of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?
Lateral plantar S2-3
What three parts are part of the fourth layer of muscles of the foot?
Peroneus longus tendon
Tibialis posterior tendon
Interossei (Three plantar (adductors) and four dorsal (abductors))
What are the functions of the four dorsal interossei?
Abudcts digits 2-4 and flexes the metatarsal phalangeal joints
What are the functions of the three plantar interossei
Adducts digits 3-5 at the MP joints twoards the axis of the second toe
Flexes the MP joints and extends the PIP and DIP joints of digits 3-5
What innervates the fourth layer of muscles of the sole of the foot?
Lateral Plantar nerve S2-3
