anatomy general Flashcards
flexor muscle
any of the muscles that decrease the angle between bones on two sides of a joint, as in bending the elbow or knee
extensor muscle
any of the muscles that increase the angle between members of a limb, as by straightening the elbow or
knee or bending the wrist or spine backward
anterior (ventral)
near the front
posterior (dorsal)
near the back
superior (cranial)
upward or near the head
inferior (caudal)
downward or near the feet
medial
toward the midline or median plane
median plane/mid sagittal plane
divides the body into equal right and left parts
sagittal plane
divides the body into unequal left n right parts
lateral
farther from the midline or median plane
superficial
closer to the surface
deep
farther from the surface
proximal
situated close to the origin/pnt of attachment/median line of body/centre of the body
distal
opposite proximal
frontal (coronal) plane
divides body into equal or unequal anterior and posterior parts
transverse plane
divides body into equal or unequal superior and inferior parts
spheroidal joint
Rotations in 3 axes
eg hip joint
ellipsoid joint
Rotations in 2 axes (subequal range-ie one way more than the other)
eg radiocarpal joint
saddle joint
Rotations in 2 axes (approx equal range)
eg carpal metacarpal joint in thumb
hinge joint
Rotation in 1 axis (at right angles to long axis of articulating bones)
e.g. some joints in elbow
pivot joint
Rotation in 1 axis (parallel with long axis of articulating bones)
eg proximal radioulnar joint
plane joint
Small translations
eg acromioclavicular joint
