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Nursing > Anatomy Exam 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

anterior lower leg

A

tibialis anterior

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2
Q

thumb side of forearm

A

radial nerve

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3
Q

*narrowing of blood vessels

A

vasoconstriction

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4
Q

maintains homeostasis, controls autonomic nervous system

A

hypothalamus

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5
Q

*dilatation of blood vessels

A

Vasodilation

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6
Q

coordinates voluntary muscle movement *maintains balance and muscle tone

A

cerebellum

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7
Q

: (two lobes) *Primary sensory cortex for cutaneous senses *Impulses from skin = touch, pain, temperature

A

parietal

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8
Q

: *Dominates during stressful situations *Heightened mental alertness *^Metabolic rate *^Heart rate & blood pressure *^Respiratory rate & dilated bronchioles *Dilated pupils *Activation of sweat glands *Activation of energy reserves *Reduced digestive & urinary function
Adrenergic receptors
♦ Found on receptor cells of sympathetic nervous system
♦ Bind norepinephrine, epinephrine

A

sympathetic stimulation

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9
Q

memory storage, reasoning and judgement

A

cerebrum

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10
Q

flexes leg at knee; extends and rotates thigh at hip

A

hamstring group

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11
Q

*relays info from spinal cord, cerebral cortex and brain stem to cerebellum- descending tracts

A

medulla

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12
Q

(two lobes) *Auditory & olfactory center *Wernicke area = speech recognition & meaning of words

A

temporal lobe

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13
Q

diaphragm, makes it go up and down

A

phrenic nerve

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14
Q

Middle layer *Resembles a cobweb – made up of web-like connective tissue

A

arachnoid

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15
Q

plantar flexes foot (tiptoeing); chief muscle of the calf

A

gastrochemius

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16
Q

-promotes action potential & nerve impulse

A

excitatory neurotransmitter

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17
Q

Transmits nerve impulses away from CNS to muscles & glands (descending)

A

motor neuron

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18
Q

supinates the forearm and hand; flexes forearm

A

bicep

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19
Q

abstract mental illness, voluntary actions

A

cerebrum

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20
Q

*carries motor impulses to larynx and pharynx; decreases heart rate

A

vagus nerve

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21
Q

Transmits nerve impulses to spinal cord & brain (ascending)

A

sensory neuron

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22
Q

carry sensory information and regulate motor activity; relay info from place to place within CNS

A

interneuron

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23
Q

chest wall

A

Intercostal nerves

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24
Q

Carries impulses for the sense of smell toward the brain

A

olfactory nerve

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25
Q

often used as injection site

A

deltoid

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26
Q

(Hard) Outermost, protective covering of spinal cord & brain

A

dura mater

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27
Q

in ear – produce ear wax – prevents drying of the eardrum

A

Ceruminous glands

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28
Q

Carries visual impulses from eye to brain

A

optic nerve

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29
Q

Excitatory and inhibitory

A

neurotransmitter

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30
Q

*Motor speech area = Broca area

A

frontal lobe

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31
Q

stores oxygen

A

myoglobin

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32
Q

*All nerve tissue outside CNS

A

peripheral nervous system

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33
Q

*Personality/emotions/intelligence/awareness *Behavior control

A

frontal lobe

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34
Q

: *secreted by neuron to transmit impulse to the muscle fiber/move muscle

A

Acetylcholine

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35
Q

: *Dominates during non-stressful situations * –Metabolic rate
*–Heart rate & blood pressure *Constriction of respiratory passages *Constriction of pupils *Stimulation of urination & defecation *^Secretion by salivary & digestive glands *^Motility & blood flow in GI tract – increases peristalsis *^Secretion of hormones to ^ GI absorption
Cholinergic receptors (acetylcholine)
♦ Nicotinic (bind nicotine) on skeletal muscle cells
♦ Muscarinic (bind muscarine, a poison) on effector cells of PNS

A

parasympathetic stimulation

36
Q

regulates water balance, sleep cycles, appetite

A

hypothalamus

37
Q

point of contact between muscle and nerve cell

A

synapse

38
Q

*Longest cranial nerve

A

vagus nerve

39
Q

: circulates around brain & spinal cord to:
* Maintain an even pressure
* Act as a cushion & shock absorber
* Physically support the brain
* Transport nutrients & chemical messengers to the cells
of the CNS
* Remove waste products

A

cerebral spinal fluid

40
Q

carries sensory impulses for hearing and equilibrium from inner ear to brain

A

acoustic nerve

41
Q

regulates pituitary gland, body temp

A

hypothalamus

42
Q

Integrates, processes & coordinates sensory stimuli & motor commands

A

CNS

43
Q

*Long term memory/Organization and planning *Behavior and emotions

A

temporal lobe

44
Q

crossing of motor fibers from cerebrum occurs here- from one side to the other

A

medulla

45
Q

(Soft) Innermost, vascular layer *On the surface of the brain and spinal cord *Supplies nutrients & oxygen

A

pia mater

46
Q

*relays sensory info to thalamus-ascending tracts

A

medulla

47
Q

: posterior side lower limb

A

sciatic nerve

48
Q

*Understanding sensory information: size, color, shape, space, distance *Math

A

parietal

49
Q

extends leg and flexes thigh

A

quadriceps femaris

50
Q

resting tension in a skeletal muscle

A

muscle tone

51
Q

*Subarachnoid space contains

A

CSF

52
Q

encircles mouth; closes/puckers lips

A

orbicularis oris

53
Q

decreases blood pressure, sends more blood to muscles and heart

A

vasodilation

54
Q

concerned with emotions

A

hypothalamus

55
Q

*largest and most superior part of the brain

A

cerebrum

56
Q

*Oily secretion – lubricates skin & hair, prevents drying *inhibits growth of bacteria on the skin surface *waterproofs skin, prevent water loss by evaporation

A

Sebum

57
Q

increases blood pressure, slows/blocks blood flow

A

vasoconstriction

58
Q

anterior arm along humerus to radius

A

bicep

59
Q

raises shoulder and pulls it back; superior portion extends and turns head

A

trapezius

60
Q

important for coordination

A

muscle sense

61
Q
  • changes permeability of sarcolemma & sodium ions rush into sarcoplasm
A

acetylcholine

62
Q

: Visual Center; interprets what we see

A

occipital

63
Q

depresses action potential & stops impulse

A

inhibitory neurotransmitter

64
Q

increases to circulate more blood

A

heart rate

65
Q

contributes to muscle fatigue by creating burning sensation *produced in muscle cells/Red blood cells

A

lactic acid

66
Q

*Brain & Spinal cord

A

CNS

67
Q

posterior neck and upper back to clavicle and scapula

A

trapezius

68
Q

increases with exercise to get rid of more CO2

A

respirations

69
Q

anterior thigh to tibia

A

quadriceps femaris

70
Q

dorsiflexes the foot

A

tibialis anterior

71
Q

*most vital part of brain (sustains life) *controls vital functions *respiratory center *cardiac center *vasomotor center

A

medulla

72
Q

muscle group with same functions

A

synergist

73
Q

muscle group with opposite functions

A

agonist

74
Q

muscle ends, has mobility

A

insertion

75
Q

abducts arm; synergist

A

deltoid

76
Q

muscle begins; does not move

A

origin

77
Q

sends message between nerve and muscle

A

synapse

78
Q

: Primary motor cortex
*Conscious control of skeletal muscles – voluntary movement

A

frontal lobe

79
Q

: Supplies most of organs in thoracic and abdominal cavities

A

vagus nerve

80
Q

posterior thigh; ischium and femur to tibia and fabula

A

hamstring group

81
Q

*Delivers sensory information to CNS & carries motor commands to peripheral tissue & organ systems

A

peripheral nervous system

82
Q

ascending carry impulses to- brain
descending carry impulses to- peripheral nervous system

A

spinal cord tracts

83
Q

affects heart rate, breathing, speech,
swallowing, & peristalsis

A

vagus nerve

84
Q

covers shoulder joints to lateral humerus

A

deltiod

85
Q

posterior leg to calcaneus, inserting by the Achilles tendon

A

gastrochemius

86
Q

conscious thought, intellectual function

A

cerebrum

87
Q

anterior side of lower limb

A

femoral nerve

Nursing (7 decks)

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