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Maddy - Neuro II - tracks > Anatomy - Blood Supply > Flashcards

Anatomy - Blood Supply Flashcards

1
Q

what supplies the medial and superior surface of frontal and parietal lobes

A

anterior cerebral a.

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2
Q

what supplies the lateral surface of frontal and parietal lobes and the superior part of temporal lobe

A

middle cerebral a.

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3
Q

what supplies the occipital lobe and inferior temporal lobe

A

posterior cerebral a.

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4
Q

how do “watershed infarcts” occur

A

brain ischemia that is localized to the vulnerable border zones between the tissues supplied by the anterior, posterior and middle cerebral arteries

  • border zones are susceptible to damage under conditions of sudden systemic hypotension or hypoperfusion
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5
Q

what supplies the pyramids

A

anterior spinal artery

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6
Q

what supplies the hypoglossal nucleus

A

anterior spinal artery

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7
Q

what supplies the medial leminscus (ML)

A

anterior spinal artery

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8
Q

what supplies the lateral medulla

A

PICA

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9
Q

what supplies the medial aspect of the pons

A

paramedian branches of basilar a.

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10
Q

what supplies the lateral aspect of pons

A

long circumfrential branches of basilar a.

and

branches of AICA

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11
Q

what supplies the medial portion of the midbrain

A

anteromedial branches of basilar bifurcation

and

P1 segment

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12
Q

what supplies the medial medulla

A

anterior spinal a.

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13
Q

what supplies the cochlear nucleus

A

AICA

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14
Q

what supplies the fasciculus cuneatus, fasciculus gracilis, cuneate nuclei, and gracile nuclei

A

posterior spinal artery

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15
Q

what supplies the inferior and superior colliculus in the midbrain

A

quadrigeminal artery and P3 segments

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16
Q

what supplies the thalamus and medial and lateral geniculate bodies

A

thalamogeniculate branhces of PCA

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17
Q

what supplies the optic tract, hypocampal formation, and part of the internal capsule

A

anterior choroidal artery

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18
Q

what supplies the internal capsule

A

lenticulostriate arteries

and

anteiror choroidal a.

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19
Q

common site for epidural hematomas

A

pterion or squamous temporal bone

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20
Q

sx and tx of epidural hematoma

A

sx: momentary unconsciousness followed by lucid period of hours to 1-2 days then unconsciousness
tx: surgical

21
Q

what is the source of a subdural hematoma

A

venous

  • usually cortical veins opening into the superior sagittal sinus
22
Q

what is the source of an epidural hematoma

A

MMA

23
Q

sx and tx of subdural hematoma

A

sx: slower accumulation of blood due to pressure and often self-limiting
tx: surgical

24
Q

what type of bleed is this

A

epidural hematoma

25
Q

what type of bleed is this

A

subdural hematoma

26
Q

what is the source of bleeding in a subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

anterior cerebral a.

27
Q

sx of a subarachnoid hemorrahge

A

massive bleeding into CSF compartment due to arterial source

  • worst headache of patient’s life
  • deteriorating level of consciousness
28
Q

what type of bleed is this

A

subarachnoid hemorrhage

29
Q

what is an intracerebral (subpial) hemorrhage

A

bleeding within brain substance (stroke)

30
Q

what is the source of an intracerebral hemorrhage

A

usually middle cerebral a.

31
Q

related sx to intracerebral hemorrhage

A

hypertension

  • degenerative arterial disease on autopsy
32
Q

what type of bleed is this

A

intracerebral hemorrhage

33
Q

where do subfalcine herniations occur

(also called cingulate, falcine, or falx)

A

in the supratentorial compartment

(above tentorium cerebelli)

34
Q

what does a subfalcine herniation cause

A

displacement of brain tissue under the falx cerebri

  • may compress anterior cerebral a. affecting motor/sensory in lower extremity
35
Q

what is the pathology

A

subfalcine herniation

36
Q

what does a transtentorial (central) herniation cause

A

displacement of brain downward toward tentorial notch

  • compromises the upper brainstem and CN 3
  • may compress basilar a. and PCA
  • decorticate and decerebrate rigidity
37
Q

what does an uncal herniation cause

A

extrusion of parahippocampal gyrus and uncus over edge of tentorium cerebelli and through tentorial notch

–> impingement on midbrain

38
Q

what does a tonsillar herniation cause

A

the cerebellar tonsils go through the foramen magnum

  • compression of medulla and upper cervical spinal cord
39
Q

damage to CN V can be caused from aneurism of what vessel

A

superior cerebellar a.

40
Q

damage to CN 2 can be caused from aneurism of what vessels

A

internal carotid

anterior communicating

anterior cerebral

41
Q

damage to CN VII can be caused from aneurism of what vessel

A

AICA

42
Q

damage to CN VI can be caused from aneurism of what vessels

A

labyrinthine a.

AICA

43
Q

damage to CN 3 can be caused from aneurism of what vessels

A

superior cerebellar a.

posterior cerebal a.

posterior communicating a.

44
Q

label

A
45
Q

label the parts of the internal carotid

A
46
Q

label the parts of the vertebral a.

A
47
Q

label internal carotid, parts of the ACA, and the MCA

A
48
Q

label parts of internal carotid, parts of MCA, and parts of ACA

A

Maddy - Neuro II - tracks (16 decks)

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