Anatomy and Physiology Respiratory System Flashcards
Where is the heart located in the chest?
it is located asymmetrically meaning marginally over to the left side, so the right lung is a little bit larger than the left
What is the double membrane called over the lungs?
pleura
How does blood flow through the lungs?
deoxygenated blood flows from the heart into the lungs and oxygen is added carbon dioxide is removed to return the oxygenated blood to the heart
How does ventilation occur in the lungs?
diaphragm and intercostal muscles of the ribs interact simultaneously to increase the volume of the lungs decreasing pressure of the lungs; air is drawn in and the the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax causing volume to reduce and air to be pushed out
What is tidal volume?
amount of air breathed in and out of the lungs
What is the stale air trapped in alveoli after expiration and mixes with the fresh air brought in through inspiration?
residual capacity
What part of the brain controls breathing?
medulla oblongata
At the end of a sprint, a runner breathes hard because of the medulla oblongata senses what?
blood becoming more acidic because carbon dioxide dissolves in blood to produce H+ and HCO3- ions decreasing pH and causing it to become more acidic
What would cause increased oxygen diffusion from alveoli into blood?
reduction in residual volume of the lung
What will cause walking pneumonia ?
mycoplasma infection
What will cause cystic fibrosis?
gene mutation
What will cause a common cold?
corona virus
What will cause tuberculosis?
mycobacterium
What will cause mycosis?
fungus
