Anatomy - abdominal viscera Flashcards
function of the lesser sac
provides frictionless surface for expansion of the stomach
what are the narrowings of the oesophagus
- cervical narrowing (true anatomical sphincter) = upper oesophageal sphincter 2. diaphragmatic orifice 3. within the thorax made by the compression of the aortic arch and LMB arching across to the LHS
what is the epiploic/omental foarmen of Winslow
the only communication of the lesser sac to the greater sac
muscle coat of the rectum
changes from 3 discreet muscle bands of the longitudinal muscle band back to one longitudinal continuous muscle coat in the rectum
what is in the hilum of the spleen
transmits the splenic artery and vein and ymphatics and nerves
functions of the mesentry
- transmit the vessels and nerves to the IP structures - to allow for mobility and the capacity to expand
4 parts of the duodenum
- duodenal cap - vertical descending - horizontal part - ascending part
where is the spleen
in the LUQ under the left dome of the diaphragm, under ribs 9, 10 and 11
where does the oesophagus enter the stomach
the RHS of the fundus
is the duodenum intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal
all but the first inch of the duodenum is retroperioneal
what are the paired viscera and are they IP or RP
kidneys adrenals ureters all RETROPERITONEAL - located directly on the posterior abdominal wall with the aorta and the IVC
length of the jujenum and ilium
4-6 metres in length
route of the transverse intestine
begins at the right colic flexure/hepatic flexure and extends to the left colic flexure/splenic flexure
distinction between jejunum and ilium
- positioning (J=LUQ, and I=RLQ) - J is larger in diameter than I - J has a thicker wall than J - less fat in the mesentry of J compared to I - arterial arrangement in the mesentry
is the pancreas Intra or retroperitoneal
retroperitoneal
where does the sigmoid mesocolon lie
from the sigmoid colon to the posterior abdominal wall running over the division of the left common iliac artery
where does the oesophagus begin
at the level of the cricoid cartilage at the level of C6 in the neck
what is the venous supply of the cervical oesophagus
brachiocephalic systemic
what are Tenia coli
3 stripes down the large intestine composed of the 3 discreet longitudinal smooth muscle bands around the large intestine
what is the venous supply of the thoracic oesophagus
azygous systemic
what is the lymphatic drainage of the thoracic oesophagus
mediastinal nodes
composition of the jejunum and ilium (%?) and in which quandrants do they lie?
40% jejunum - LUQ 60% ilium - RLQ
types of hiatus hernia
- 95% = sliding hiatal hernia - where the stomach gets pulled up into the posterior mediastinum - 5% = paraoesophageal hiatus hernia - where the stomach slides up through the oesophageal hiatus next to the oesophagus (oesophagus is still going through the hiatus)
what does the accessory duct of the pancreas do/go?
drains the uncinate process and the lower part of the head and then ascends and crosses the main pancreatic duct –> penis into the duodenum at the summit of the minor duodenal papilla