Anatomy Flashcards
What is the structure responsible for generating spindles?
Reticular Thalamic Nucleus
Neurologic structure that maintains alertness and its location
Ascending Reticular Activating System in the brainstem
What does the ventrolateral preoptic nuclei (VLPO) produce
GABA and GAL, both of which are inihibitory
What does the VLPO do?
Promote NREM sleep
Genetic marker associated with PLMD and RLS
BTBD9
What does the PPN influence in relation to sleep
REM sleep and wake state
What does the pontine reticular formation do
NREM and REM switch
How is melatonin created and from where?
Conversion of serotonin to melatonin in pineal gland. Pineal gland stores serotonin
Area of the brain active during REM and what transmitters they produce
VLPO and sub lateral dorsal nucleus (SLD) producing GABA
Location of dopaminergic neurons
Substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area
Location of histaminergic neurons
Tuberomamillary nucleus of posterior hypothalamus
Location of orexin neurons
Perofornical neurons of lateral hypothalamus
Location of acetycholine neurons
basal forebrain
Location of norepi neurons
Locus Cerelus of dorsal pontine tegmentum
Fragile X and how does it affect sleep
Trinucleotide repeat mutation
Causes increased levels of melatonin throughout the day, disrupting circadian rhythm
