Anatomical Language Flashcards
Another word for Anterior
Ventral
Another word for Posterior
Dorsal
Another word for Superior
Cranial
Another word for Inferior
Caudal
Unilateral
Relating to or affecting one side of the body or one side of an organ or other part
Bilateral
Both sides of the body or two of something
Contralateral
The other side
i.e. a stroke involving the right side of the brain may cause contralateral paralysis of the left leg.
Ipsilateral
On the same side
i.e. a tumor involving the right side of the brain may affect vision ipsilaterally, that is, in the right eye.
Palmar
The palm or the anterior surface of the hand
Plantar
The sole of the foot
Dorsum
The back or posterior side of a structure
Supine
The body position in which a person is lying flat on their back, face up
Prone
The position of the body lying face down
Dorsal
Relating to the back or posterior of a structure
Ventral
The front part of the body
Flexion
Bend or flex a limb inward
Extension
bend or extend a limb outwards
Abduction
Move a limb away from the midline
Adduction
Move a limb towards the midline
Internal rotation
A synonym of medial rotation
External rotation
A synonym of lateral rotation
Circumduction
The movement of a limb in a circle
Horizontal abduction
the movement of the arms away from the midline of the body in the transverse plane
Horizontal adduction
the movement of the arms towards the midline of the body in the transverse plane
Protraction
To protrude or stick out a part of the body
Retraction
Bringing together
Trunk lateral flexion
Movement of the trunk to the left or right, which involves movement of the shoulder towards the hip on either side
Trunk flexion
Bend or flex the trunk inwards
Trunk extension
Bend or flex the trunk outwards
Inversion
Turning towards the centre
i.e. sole of foot
Eversion
Turning outwards away from centre
i.e. sole of foot
Dorsi flexion
Bending/flexing the foot up
Toe up, heel down
Plantar flexion
Bending/flexing foot down towards the ground
Toe down, heel up
Supination
Turn a limb to face upwards
Pronation
Turn a limb to face downwards
The sagittal plane
A vertical plane which divides the body laterally into left and right sides
The frontal (or coronal) plane
Divides the body between the anterior and the posterior
The transverse plane
A horizontal plane that divides the body into its superior and inferior parts
Isometric
A muscular contraction in which the length of the muscle does not change
Isotonic
A muscular contraction in which the length of the muscle changes
Eccentric
An isotonic contraction where the muscle lengthens
Concentric
An isotonic contraction where the muscle shortens
If the movement is the same direction of gravity, it is…
Eccentric
