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Anatomy > 24. Understand the muscles of the lower leg, ankle and foot and their origins, insertions and actions > Flashcards

24. Understand the muscles of the lower leg, ankle and foot and their origins, insertions and actions Flashcards

1
Q

8 muscles plantar flexing the ankle joint:

A

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris
Fibularis (peroneus) longus
Fibularis (peroneus) brevis
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus

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2
Q

Origin of gastrocnemius:

A

Lateral head: Posterior aspect of the lateral condyle of the femur

Medial head: Posterior aspect of medial condyle of the femur

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3
Q

Insertion of gastrocnemius:

A

Posterior surface of the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

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4
Q

Which joint does the gastrocnemius use in plantar flexion?

A

Talocrural joint

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5
Q

Origin of soleus:

A

Posterior surface of the proximal fibula
Soleal line of the tibia

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6
Q

Insertion of soleus:

A

Posterior surface of calcaneus (via calcanea tendon)

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7
Q

Which joint does the soleus use for plantar flexion?

A

Talocrural joint

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8
Q

Origin of plantaris:

A

Lateral surpracondylar line of femur
Oblique popliteal ligament of knee

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9
Q

Insertion of plantaris:

A

Posterior surface of calcaneus (via calcaneal tendon)

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10
Q

What is another name for the calcaneal tendon?

A

The achilles tendon

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11
Q

Which joint does the plantaris use for plantar flexion?

A

Talocrural joint

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12
Q

Do a quiz game about the muscles of the lower leg.

A

:)

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13
Q

Origin of fibularis (peroneus) longus:

A

Lateral surface of the proximal fibula

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14
Q

Insertion of fibularis (peroneus) longus:

A

Medial cuneiform bone, metatarsal bone 1

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15
Q

Which joint does the fibularis (peroneus) longus use for plantar flexion?

A

Talocrural joint

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16
Q

Which joint does the fibularis (peroneus) longus use for foot eversion?

A

Subtalar joint

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17
Q

What does the fibularis (peroneus) longus support?

A

The longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot

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18
Q

Origin of fibularis (peroneus) brevis:

A

Lateral surface of distal fibula
Anterior intermuscular septum

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19
Q

Insertion of fibularis (peroneus) brevis:

A

Tuberocity of the 5th metatarsal bone

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20
Q

Which joint does the fibularis (peroneus) brevis use for plantar flexion?

A

Talocrural joint

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21
Q

Which joint does the fibularis (peroneus) brevis use for foot eversion?

A

Subtalar joint

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22
Q

Do a quiz game about the muscles of the ankle.

A

;)

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23
Q

Origin of tibialis posterior:

A

Posterior surface of tibia, posterior reface of fibula and interosseous membrane

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24
Q

Insertion of tibialis posterior:

A

Tuberocity of navicular bone, all cuneiform bones, cuboid bone, bases of metatarsal bones 2-4

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25
Q

Which joint does the tibialis posterior use for plantar flexion?

A

Talocrural joint

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26
Q

Which joint does the tibialis posterior use for foot inversion?

A

Subtalar joint

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27
Q

What does the tibialis posterior support?

A

The medial longitudinal arch of the foot.

28
Q

Origin of the flexor digitorum longus:

A

Posterior surface of tibia (inferior to soleal line)

29
Q

Insertion of the flexor digitorum longus:

A

Bases of distal phalanges of digits 2-5

30
Q

Which joints does the flexor digitorum longus use for toe flexion?

A

Metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints 2-5

31
Q

Which joint does the flexor digitorum longus use for plantar flexion?

A

Talocrural joint

32
Q

Do a quiz game about the muscles of the foot.

33
Q

Which joint does the flexor digitorum longus use for foot inversion?

A

Subtalar joint

34
Q

Origin of flexor hallucis longus:

A

(Distal 2/3 of) posterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane, posterior inter muscular septum of leg, fascia of tibialis posterior muscle.

35
Q

Insertion of flexor hallucis longus:

A

Base of distal phalanx of great toe

36
Q

Which joints does the flexor hallucis longus use for toe flexion?

A

Metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joint

37
Q

Which joint does the flexor hallucis longus use for foot plantar flexion?

A

Talocrural joint

38
Q

Which joint does the flexor hallucis longus use for foot inversion?

A

Subtalar joint

39
Q

4 muscles dorsiflexing the ankle joint:

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis tertius

40
Q

Origin of tibialis anterior:

A

Lateral surface of tibia, interosseous membrane

41
Q

Insertion of tibialis anterior:

A

Medial cuneiform bone, base of metatarsal bone 1

42
Q

Do a quiz game about the muscles of the lower leg.

43
Q

Which joint does the tibialis anterior use for dorsiflexion?

A

Talocrural joint

44
Q

Which joint does the tibialis anterior use for foot inversion?

A

Subtalar joint

45
Q

Origin of extensor digitorum longus:

A

(proximal half of) medial surface of fibula, lateral fibula condyle, interosseous membrane

46
Q

Insertion of extensor digitorum longus:

A

Distal and middle phalanges of digits 2-5.

47
Q

Which joints does the extensor digitorum longus use for toe extension?

A

Metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints 2-5

48
Q

Which joint does the extensor digitorum longus use for foot dorsiflexion?

A

Talocrural joint

49
Q

Which joint does the extensor digitorum longus for foot eversion?

A

Subtalar joint

50
Q

Origin of extensor hallucis longus:

A

Middle third of medial surface of fibula, interosseous membrane

51
Q

Insertion of extensor hallucis longus:

A

Base of distal phalanx of great toe

52
Q

Do a quiz game about the muscles of the ankle

53
Q

Which joint does the extensor hallucis longus use for toe extension?

A

Metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joint 1

54
Q

Which joint does the extensor hallucis longus use for foot dorsiflexion?

A

Talocrural joint

55
Q

Origin of fibularis tertius:

A

Medial surface (distal third) of fibula, interosseous membrane (anterior surface), anterior intermuscular septum

56
Q

Insertion of fibularis tertius:

A

Dorsal surface of base of metatarsal bone 5

57
Q

Which joint does the fibularis tertius use for foot dorsiflexion?

A

Talocrural joint

58
Q

Which joint does the fibularis tertius use for foot eversion?

A

Subtalar joint

59
Q

4 muscles involved in foot eversion:

A

Fibularis (peroneus) longus
Fibularis (peroneus) brevis
Extensor digitorum longus
Fibularis tertius

60
Q

4 muscles involved in foot inversion:

A

Tibialis posterior
Tibialis anterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus

61
Q

2 muscles involves in toe flexion:

A

Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus

62
Q

Do a quiz game about the muscles of the foot.

63
Q

2 muscles involved in toe extension:

A

Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus

Anatomy (15 decks)

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