ANAT NOTES 8 PART 1

Question 1

pectoral girdle

Answer 1

Attaches the upper limbs to the trunk

Question 2

pelvic girdle

Answer 2

Attaches the lower limbs to the trunk

Question 3

clavicles

Answer 3

• Provide attachment for muscles
• Hold the scapulae and arms laterally
• Transmit compression forces from the upper limbs to the axial

Question 4

where does the scapulae lie?

Answer 4

dorsal surface of the ribcage

Question 5

scapulae location

Answer 5

between ribs 2-7

Question 6

scapulae 3 borders

Answer 6

• Superior
• Medial (vertebral)
• Lateral (axillary)

Question 7

scapulae 3 angles

Answer 7

Lateral, superior, and inferior

Question 8

what is the only bone in the arm?

Answer 8

humerus

Question 9

what is forearm formed from?

Answer 9

radius and ulna

Question 10

how many bones form each upper limb?

Answer 10

30 bones

Question 11

how many marble-sized bone are in the carpus?

Answer 11

8

Question 12

what does the pelvic girdle support?

Answer 12

visceral organs

Question 13

acetabulum

Answer 13

a deep cup that holds the head of the femur

Question 14

what are the 3 separate bones in the pelvic girdle during childhood?

Answer 14

• ilium
• ischium
• pubis/pubic symphysis

Question 15

major differences between male and female pelves?

Answer 15

adapted for childbearing; pelvis is lighter, wider, and shallower than in the male

Question 16

are bones of the lower limb stronger or weaker than the upper limb?

Answer 16

stronger

Question 17

what are the 3 segments the lower limb is divided into?

Answer 17

thigh (femur), leg, and foot

Question 18

femur

Answer 18

single bone of the thigh, longest and strongest bone of the body (patella-triangular sesamoid bone)

Question 19

tibia

Answer 19

more massive medial bone of the leg

receives weight of the body from the femur

Question 20

fibula

Answer 20

sticklike later bone of the leg (can be used for bone replacement in other parts of the body)

Question 21

interosseous membrane

Answer 21

connects the tibia and fibula; radius and ulna

Question 22

the foot is composed of

Answer 22

tarsus, metatarsus, and the phalanges

Question 23

how many phalanges of the toes?

Answer 23

14

Question 24

3 arches of the foot

Answer 24

• medial longitudinal arch
• lateral longitudinal arch
• transverse arch

Question 25

“keystone” bones of arches

Answer 25

• talus (medial longitudinal arch)

- cuboid (lateral longitudinal arch)

Question 26

what happens to the appendicular skeleton in middle age?

Answer 26

• skeleton loses mass

- osteoporosis and limb fractures become more common