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ANAT 32 > ANAT NOTES 1 PART 1 > Flashcards

ANAT NOTES 1 PART 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of the STRUCTURE of the human body

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2
Q

Physiology

A

The study of body FUNCTION

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3
Q

Gross anatomy

A

Dissection of body

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4
Q

Regional anatomy (examples)

A

Thorax, abdominal, etc.

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5
Q

Systematic anatomy (examples)

A

Cardiovascular sys, skeletal sys, etc.

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6
Q

Surface anatomy

A

What you see

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7
Q

Microscopic anatomy

A

What you can’t see with the naked eye

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8
Q

Histology

A

Study of tissues

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9
Q

What are the 11 anatomical systems?

A
  1. Integumentary
  2. Skeletal
  3. Muscular
  4. Nervous
  5. Endocrine
  6. Cardiovascular
  7. Lymphatic System/Immunity
  8. Respiratory
  9. Digestive
  10. Urinary
  11. Reproductive Systems (Male & Female)
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10
Q 
Anatomical position 
(Common visual reference point)
A
  • person stands erect with feet together and eyes forward

- palms face anteriorly (supine) with the thumbs pointed away from body

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11
Q

Axial region

A

Axis of body - head, neck, and trunk

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12
Q

Appendicular region

A

Appendages

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13
Q

Frontal (coronal) plane

A

Lies vertically and divides body into anterior and posterior parts

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14
Q

Transverse plane

A

Runs horizontally and divides body into superior and inferior parts

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15
Q

Sagittal planes

A

Vertically divide body into right and left parts

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16
Q

Parasagittal planes

A

A sagittal plane offset from the midline

17
Q

How many parts can the abdominopelvic cavity be divided into? What are they?

A
  • two parts

- abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

18
Q

What does the abdominal cavity contain?

A

Liver, stomach, kidneys, and other organs

19
Q

What does the pelvic cavity contain?

A

Bladder, some reproductive organs, and rectum

20
Q

Serous cavities

A

A slitlike space lined by a serous membrane

21
Q

Serosae associated with…

A

Pleura (lungs)
Pericardium (hearts)
Peritoneum (abdominal viscera)

22
Q

Parietal serosa

Also provide different serosae names

A

Outer wall of the cavity

  1. Parietal pleura
  2. Parietal pericardium
  3. Parietal peritoneum
23
Q

Visceral serosa

Also provide different serosae names

A

Covers the visceral organs

  1. Visceral pleura
  2. Visceral pericardium
  3. Visceral peritoneum
24
Q

Serious fluid

A

Produced by both layers of the serous membrane

In between visceral and parietal and often referred to as the cavity

25
Q

What organs can be found in the RUQ?

Anterior view

A
  • liver

- gallbladder

26
Q

What organs can be found the LUQ?

Anterior view

A
  • diaphragm
  • spleen
  • stomach
  • transverse colon of large intestine
27
Q

What organs can be found in the RLQ?

Anterior view

A
  • ascending colon of large intestine
  • small intestine
  • cecum
  • appendix
28
Q

What organs can be found in the LLQ?

Anterior view

A
  • descending colon of large intestine
  • initial part of sigmoid colon
  • urinary bladder
29
Q

Microscopy

A

Examining small structures through a microscope

30
Q

Light microscopy

A

Illuminated tissue with a beam of light (lower magnification)

31
Q

Electron microscopy

A

Used beams of electrons (higher magnification)

32
Q

X Ray (best used for?)

A

Electromagnetic waves of very short length

-best for visualizing bones and abdominal dense structures

33
Q

Computed (axial) tomography (CT or CAT)

A
  • takes successive X rays around a persons full circumference
  • computer translates recorded information into a detailed pic of the body section
34
Q

Angiography

A

Contrast medium highlights vessel structure

35
Q

Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)

A
  • images taken before and after contrast medium injection

- computer subtracts “before” and “after” to identify blockage of arteries to heart wall and brain

36
Q

Position emission tomography (PET)

A

Forms images by detecting radioactive isotopes injected into the body

37
Q

Sonography (ultrasound imaging)

A

Body is probed with pulses of high-frequency sound waves that echo off the body’s tissues
(Used to determine age of a developing fetus)

38
Q

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

Produces high-quality images of soft tissues

Distinguishes body tissues based on relative water content

ANAT 32 (9 decks)

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