Analgesics

Question 1

Chronic neuropathic pain is

Answer 1

Pain that persists, is constant or intermittent but has served its purpose

Question 2

Allodynia

Answer 2

Pain from a stimulus that does not normally cause pain

Question 3

Parasthesia

Answer 3

Painful feeling eg pins and needles with no apparent cause

Question 4

Opioids act by…

Answer 4

Modifying the transmission of pain signals

Question 5

Anti depressants and anti epileptic drugs work for pain by…

Answer 5

Tribe minimal pain

Neuropathic pain resistant to opioids

Question 6

Local anaesthetics are good for

Answer 6

Severe intractable

Crescendo neuropathic pain

Emergency

Question 7

Opioids mimic…

Answer 7

Enkephalins

Act as agonists at opioids receptors m, k, d

Question 8

Pure agonists example drug

Answer 8

Morphine like drugs

Question 9

Nalorphine

Pentazocine

Answer 9

Partial agonists and mixed agonist/antagonists

Question 10

Naloxone

Answer 10

Antagonist

Blocks action of opiate

Question 11

Naltrexone

Answer 11

Antagonist

Block action of opiates

Given in heroin and morphine od

Question 12

Duloxetine

Answer 12

Snri in analgesia

Good to treat peripheral neuropathy
Diabetic neuropathy

Side effects

Nausea insomnia dizziness

Question 13

Venlafaxine

Answer 13

Snri for analgesia

Diabetic neuropathy

Side effects : nausea, sedation, headache, dizziness.

Question 14

Contraindications of snri in analgesia

Answer 14

Epilepsy
Cadiac disease
Diabetes
Glaucoma
Pregnancy
Breast feeding

Question 15

Interactions for snri in analgesia

Answer 15

Alcohol
NSAIDS
tramadol
Antagonise anti epileptics

Question 16

Anti epileptics and analgesia mechanism of action

Answer 16

Inhibit NA+ channels
Inhibit ca2+ channels
Inhibit gaba and glycine receptors

Question 17

Carbamazepine in analgesia

Answer 17

Neuralgia

Side effects : dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, nausea, hepatoxicity, renal imparement, skin reaction, anorexia, tremor.

Contraindications: hepatic/ renal, cardiac diseases, skin reactions, glaucoma, pregnant, bone marrow suppression

Question 18

Gabapentin

Anti epileptic used in analgesia

Answer 18

Various neuropathic pain States,

DRUG OF CHOICE AS LOW SE

side effects, anorexia, dyspepsia, tremor

Contraindications , renal, diabetes, elderly, pregnancy

Question 19

Local anaesthetics work by

Answer 19

Inhibit na+ nmda receptors

Prevent nerve cell communication

Question 20

Lidocaine

Answer 20

Na+ channel blocker

Side effects: CNS effects, respiratory depression, convulsions, hypotension, low heart rate

Contraindications, epilepsy, hepatic, renal, atrial fibrillation, heart block, cardiac failure

Question 21

Ketamine

Answer 21

Blocker of glutamate

Side effects: high bp, high hr, tremor, cardiac depression.

Contraindications, high BP, angina, heart failure, aneurysm, cerebral trauma, psychiatric dissorders

Question 22

Acute nociceptor pain is

Answer 22

Short term pain

Easily identifiable cause

Warning of disease