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Anesthesiology > Analgesia: Opioids > Flashcards

Analgesia: Opioids Flashcards

1
Q

What are the opioids used for moderate to severe pain? (5)

A
  1. Morphine
  2. Oxymorphone
  3. Hydromorphone
  4. Fentanyl
  5. Methadone
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2
Q

What are the opioids used for mild to moderate pain? (4)

A
  1. Buprenorphine
  2. Butorphanol
  3. Meperidine
  4. Nalbuphine
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3
Q

How does Morphine work to have an analgesic effect? (2)

A
  1. Agonists

2. binds mu and kappa receptors

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4
Q

What animals can Morphine be used on? (3)

A
  1. dogs
  2. cats
  3. horses
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5
Q

How can Morphine be administered? (5)

A
  1. IM
  2. IV
  3. PO
  4. Epidural
  5. SQ
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6
Q

What are the potential adverse effects for Morphine? (5)

A
  1. dysphoria
  2. panting
  3. bradycardia
  4. colic (horses)
  5. histamine release (IV)
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7
Q

How does Hydromorphone and Oxymorphone work to have an analgesic effect? (2)

A
  1. agonists

2. bind mu receptors

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8
Q

How do Hydromorphone and Oxymorphone compare to Morphine?

A

Longer and better analgesia than morphine

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9
Q

How can Hydromorphone and Oxymorphone be administered?

A

Can be given IV without causing histamine release

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10
Q

What are the side effects for Hydromorphone and Oxymorphone?

A

Similar side effects to morphine but less likely to happen

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11
Q

Why is Oxymorphone not commonly used?

A

its expensive

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12
Q

How does Fentanyl work after IV administration?

A

Potent analgesic with short duration after IV injection

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13
Q

How is Fentanyl normally administered (2)?

A
  1. Usually administered by IV drip (CRI)

2. through a transdermal patch

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14
Q

What are the adverse effects of Fentanyl? (4)

A
  1. ataxia
  2. sedation
  3. dysphoria
  4. panting
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15
Q

How does Buprenorphine work to have an analgesic effect?

A

partial mu receptor agonist

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16
Q

How long does Buprenorphine have an effect?

A

fairly long duration of action

17
Q

How is Buprenorphine administered? (3)

A
  1. SQ
  2. IM
  3. IV
18
Q

How is Buprenorphine given to cats?

A

orally

19
Q

What is Buprenorphine good to use for?

A

mild to moderate pain

20
Q

How does Butorphanol to have an analgesic effect? (2)

A
  1. Kappa receptor agonist

2. mu receptor antagonist

21
Q

What animals can Butorphanol be used on?

A

a variety of species

22
Q

How long does the effect of Butorphanol?

A

short duration of effect

23
Q

What is Butorphanol used for?

A

mild to moderate pain

24
Q

What are the adverse effects of Butorphanol?(even though they are rare)
(5)

A
  1. pain
  2. sedation
  3. dysphoria
  4. CV depression
  5. respiratory depression

Anesthesiology (33 decks)

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