Anaesthesia 2 Flashcards
TIDAL VOLUME
Volume of air breathed in or out in ONE respiratory cycle
RESIDUAL VOLUME:
Air remaining in the lungs after maximum expiration
MINUTE VOLUME
The air that’s moved in and out of the lungs in 1minute
Tidal volume x respiratory rate
TOTAL LUNG CAPACITY
Total amount of air in the lungs in one breath
EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME (ERV):
Is the total volume of air that can be voluntarily expired in normal
breathing
INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME (IRV):
Is the volume of air that can be inspired above the tidal volume
VITAL CAPACITY:
Is the maximum amount of air that a person can expel from the
lungs after first filling the lungs to their maximum extent
FUNCTIONAL RESIDUE CAPACITY (FRC):
Air left in lungs after a quiet respiration (Normal out after a normal breath in!)
Define Compliance in Anaesthesia
Measurement of pressure in breathing system
Affects the tidal volume of gas the patient receives
Increases in compliance can decrease tidal volume
Narcotic
dulls the senses, relieves pain, and induces profound sleep
Neuroleptanalgesia
tranquilising drug and an analgesic
Anaesthetic sparing effect
Some medical agents have the ability to reduce the need for the full anaesthetic agent dose e.g. pre-meds, N2O
Second gas effect
Occurs when a soluble first gas is delivered increases the alveolar concentrations of other gases present, accelerating their uptake.
Triad of Balanced Anaesthesia
Loss of concentration
Muscle relaxation
Analgesia
Antiepileptics
Phenobarbitone
Diazepam
Potassium Bromide
Sedative and tranquillisers
Phenothiazines
A2 agonist
Ketamine
Benzodiazepines
Anticholinergics/Parasympatholytics
Opioids (analgesics)
Morphine
Methadone
Pethidine
Fentanyl
Alfentanyl
Butorphanol
Buprenorphine
Naloxone
Phenothiazines
Acepromazine
A2 agonist
Medetomidine
Dexmedetomidine