Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > ANA 211 Lower Limb 2 Compartments of the thigh > Flashcards

ANA 211 Lower Limb 2 Compartments of the thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What are the compartments of the thigh?

A

Anterior
Posterior
Medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the compartments of the thigh separated by?

A

fascia or 3 intermuscular septa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What muscles is the anterior compartment of the thigh made up of? What is it’s nerve supply?

A

Extensors of the knee:
Quadriceps femoris
Flexors of hip (SIPP):
1. Sartorius
2. Pectineus
3. Psoas major
4. Iliacus
Nerve supply: Femoral nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What muscles is the posterior compartment of the thigh made up of? What is it’s nerve supply?

A

Flexors of knee & extensors of hip:
Hamstrings
Nerve supply:
Sciatic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What muscles is the posterior compartment of the thigh made up of? What is it’s nerve supply?

A

Flexors of knee & extensors of hip:
Hamstrings
Nerve supply:
Sciatic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What muscles is the medial compartment of the thigh made up of? What is it’s nerve supply?

A

Adductors of hip:
1. Adductor longus
2. Adductor brevis
3. Adductor magnus
(adductor part)
4. Gracilis
Nerve supply: Obturator nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which muscles make up the quadriceps femoris?

A
  1. Vastus intermedius (deep to rectus femoris)
  2. Vastus medialis
  3. Vastus lateralis
  4. Rectus femoris
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Origin of the sartorius

A

Anterior superior iliac spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Insertion of the sartorius

A

Upper part of the medial surface of the tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Action of the sartorius

A

Tailors position
1.Flexion, abduction & lateral rotation of hip joint
2.Flexion of knee joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Action of the pectineus

A

ACTION:
Flexion & adduction of the hip joint
(It only acts on the hip join)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Action of the iliacus and psoas major

A

ACTION:
Chief flexors of the hip
Medial rotation of the thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Origin of pectineus

A

Superior pubic ramus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Insertion of pectineus

A

Back of the femur, inferior to the lesser trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Innervation of the pectineus

A

femoral nerve L2, L3 L4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the psoas major and iliacus

A

They arise within the abdomen and fuse with each other as they enter the thigh (forming the iliopsoas), posterior to the inguinal ligament, the femoral nerve, and the lateral part of the femoral sheath.
They are separated inferiorly by a bursa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Origin of the psoas major

A

Vertebral bodies of T12-L4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Origin of iliacus muscle

A

The origin of the iliacus spans anteriorly in the iliac fossa as far as the anterior superior and anterior inferior iliac spines.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Insertion of iliopsoas

A

Lesser trochanter of the femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Origin of rectus femoris

A

straight head - Anterior inferior iliac spine (Hip bone)

reflected head - ilium superior to acetabulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Origin of vastus intermedius

A

Front of shaft of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Origin of vastus medius

A

Posterior border of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Origin of vastus lateralis

A

Root of the greater trochanter to the lateral supracondylar line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Insertion of quadricep femoris

A

Into PATELLA by quadriceps tendon
From patella into the tuberosity of tibia through patella ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Action of quadriceps femoris

A

Extensor of the knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Origin of gracilis muscle

A

Anterior body of pubis, inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Insertion of gracilis muscle

A

Medial surface of the proximal shaft of the tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Innervation of gracilis muscle

A

Obturator nerve [L2,L3]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Action of gracilis muscle

A

Adducts thigh at hip joint and flexes leg at knee joint

29
Q

Origin of adductor longus

A

is triangular in shape and forms in the floor of the femoral triangle and adductor canal.

The anterior surface of the body of the pubis, lateral to the pubic ramus

30
Q

Insertion of adductor longus

A

Linea aspera on middle one-third of shaft of femur

30
Q

Innervation of adductor longus

A

Obturator nerve (anterior division) [L2,L3,L4]

30
Q

Action of adductor longus

A

Adductor of the thigh

31
Q

Origin of adductor brevis

A

External surface of body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus
(below the origin of the adductor longus)

32
Q

Insertion of adductor brevis

A

upper one-third of linea aspera

33
Q

Innervation of adductor brevis

A

Obturator nerve (L2 and L3)

34
Q

Action of the adductor brevis

A

Adducts thigh at hip joint

35
Q

Origin of adductor magnus

A

Adductor part-ischiopubic ramus
Hamstring part: lower part of ischial tuberosity

36
Q

Insertion of adductor magnus

A

Adductor part- Posterior surface of proximal femur, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line

Hamstring part: adductor tubercle and supracondylar line

37
Q

Innervation of adductus magnus

A

Adductor part: Obturator nerve [L2,L3,L4
Hamstring part: Sciatic nerve

38
Q

Action of adductor magnus

A

Adducts and medially rotates thigh at hip joint

39
Q

What is the femoral triangle?

A

It is a deep hollow in the medial aspect of the proximal thigh, inferior to the inguinal ligament.
The inguinal region is the junction between the lower limbs and the abdomen.

40
Q

Boundaries of the femoral triangle

A

Base:
Inguinal ligament

Medially:
Medial border of the adductor longus muscle

Laterally:
Medial border of the sartorius muscle

Roof:
Skin, superficial & deep fascia.

Floor: (from media to lateral)
(Adductor longus, Pectineus, Psoas major, Iliacus)

41
Q

Contents of the femoral triangle

A

Femoral vein
Femoral artery
Both vein & artery are enclosed in a fascial envelope (Femoral sheath)
Femoral nerve
Deep inguinal lymph nodes

42
Q

What is the adductor canal

A

The adductor canal, also known as Hunter’s canal or subsartorial canal, is an intermuscular passageway for the femoral vein and artery

43
Q

Location of adductor canal

A

Distal 2/3 of the medial aspect of the thigh

44
Q

Boundaries of adductor canal

A

Proximal border: Apex of femoral triangle
Distal border: Adductor hiatus
Anterolateral border: Vastus medialis muscle
Anteromedial border: Subsartorial fascia
Posteromedial border: Adductor longus and magnus muscles

45
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of bicep femoris

A

O: Long head- upper area of the ischial tuberosity; short head-lateral lip of linea aspera
I: Head of fibula
N: Sciatic nerve [L5 to S2]
A: Flexes leg at knee joint; extends and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint and laterally rotates leg at knee joint

46
Q

What are hamstrings?

A

The word ham originally referred to the fat and muscle behind the knee. String refers to tendons, and

Thus, the hamstrings are the string-like tendons felt on either side of the back of the knee.
they include the semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscle

47
Q

Origin of the Semitendinosus Muscle

A

Ischial tuberosity

48
Q

Insertion of the semitendinosus muscle

A

Medial surface of superior part of tibia

49
Q

Action of semitendinosus muscle

A

Extend thigh; flex leg and rotate it medially when knee is flexed
When thigh and leg are flexed, these muscles can extend trunk

50
Q

Origin of semimembranous muscle

A

Ischial tuberosity

51
Q

Insertion of the semimembranous muscle

A

Posterior part of medial condyle of femur and tibia;
reflected attachment forms oblique popliteal ligament (to lateral femoral condyle)

52
Q

Nerve supply of semimembranous muscle

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

53
Q

Describe a pulled hamstring

A

This is straining of the hamstring, defined as an excessive stretch or tear of muscle fibers and related tissues.
Usually, happen in athletes.
Very painful. Often results from inadequate warming up.

54
Q

Describe the use of hamstring tendons for grafting

A

The distal semitendinosus tendon is one of the tendons that can be used in the ACL reconstruction.

In this procedure, a piece of it is used to replace ACL.

The ACL is one of the four major ligaments in the knee

55
Q

ACL stands for

A

anterior cruciate ligament

56
Q

What is a hernia?

A

A hernia occurs when an internal organ or other body part protrudes through the wall of muscle or tissue that normally contains it.

57
Q

What is the most superficial muscle of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Rectus femoris muscle

58
Q

Why is the rectus femoris the only quadricep femoris muscle that acts on the hip?

A

It is the only one of the 4 muscles that originates on the hip, the others originate on the femur

59
Q

Adductor hiatus

A

Space between the adductor and hamstring part of the adductor magnum that allows the passage of the femoral artery and vein

60
Q

Origin of obturator externus

A

External surface of obturator membrane and adjacent bone

61
Q

Insertion of obturator externus

A

Trochanteric fossa

62
Q

Innervation of obturator externus

A

Obturator nerve (posterior division) L3, L4

63
Q

Action of obturator externus

A

Externally (laterally) rotates the thigh at the hip joint

64
Q

What are the arteries that enter the thigh?

A

Femoral artery
Obturator artery
Inferior gluteal artery

65
Q

Which artery of the thigh is the largest and supplies most of the Lower limb

A

Femoral artery

66
Q

Discuss the anatomical basis for a femoral herniation

A

The femoral ring is a weak area in the anterior abdominal wall. The femoral ring is the usual originating site of a femoral hernia, a protrusion of the abdominal viscera (often a loop of small intestine) through the femoral ring into the femoral canal.
Femoral hernias are more common in females because of their wider pelvis and smaller inguinal canals and rings. This type of hernia may also occur after multiple pregnancies due to enlargement of the femoral ring over time from increased intra-abdominal pressure forcing fat into the femoral canal. Femoral hernias may cause hip or abdominal pain.

Strangulation of a femoral hernia
may occur because of the sharp, rigid boundaries of the femoral ring, particularly the concave margin of the lacunar ligament. Strangulation of a femoral hernia interferes with the blood supply to the herniated intestine. This
vascular impairment may result in necrosis (death of the tissues).

67
Q

Blood supply to the posterior compartment of the thigh

A

inferior gluteal and the perforating branches of the profunda femoris artery

Anatomy (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions