aminophylline

Question 1

name (trade)

Answer 1

amoline, somopphyllin, aminophyllin

Question 2

class

Answer 2

xanthine bronchodilator (theophylline derivative)

Question 3

description

Answer 3

aminophylline is a respiratory stimulant; it has mild diuretic properties and positive chronotropic and inotropic effects ( in large doses)

Question 4

mechanism of action

Answer 4

relaxes smooth muscle and the bronchial tubes. it decreases pulmonary artery pressure and lowers the threshold of the respiratory center to CO2

Question 5

onset

Answer 5

IV; less than 15 min

Question 6

duration

Answer 6

4.5 hours

Question 7

indications

Answer 7

severe bronchospasm when other sympathomimetics have been ineffective

CHF

Question 8

contraindications

(relative)

Answer 8

allergy to xanthine compounds (caffeine)

hypersensitivity to drug itself

cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 9

adverse reactions (side effects)

Answer 9

palpitations, PVC, dysrhythmias, chest pain, tachycardia, seizure, N/V

Question 10

drug interactions

Answer 10

barbiturates

block blockers

phenytoin (Dilantin)

many others

Question 11

supplied

Answer 11

500 mg/10 ml ampule

500 mg/20 ml ampule

250 mg/10 ml ampule

Question 12

dose administration

Answer 12

N/B: loading dose: 5 mg/kg (if wheezing)

drip: followed by 0.5-0.7 mg/kg/hr (max 200 mg/min)

Question 13

special considerations

Answer 13

monitor vitals closely

therapeutic to toxic ratio is narrow

medical control