Amine Flashcards

1
Q

numar de carboni putrescina

A

4

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2
Q

numar de carboni cadaverina

A

5

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3
Q

structura moleculelor de amine

A

piramida aplatizata cu N in mijloc

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4
Q

unghi dintre leg de H din amoniac

A

107 grade 5 minute

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5
Q

unghi dintre leg de H in amina primara

A

112 grade

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6
Q

cum se scoate amina din clorhidratul ei?

A

cu NH3 in exces -> NH4Cl
cu NaOH -> NaCl + H2O

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7
Q

ce este alchilarea hofmann

A

amoniac / amine + comp halogenati

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8
Q

conditii reducere nitroderivati

A

H2 / Ni, Pt, Pd
sistem reducator Fe, Zn, Sn + acid tare (metal - donor de electroni, acid - donor de protoni)

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9
Q

conditii reducere nitrili

A

H2 / Ni, Pt, Pd
LiAlH4
etanol + Na

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10
Q

conditii reducere amide

A

H2 / catalizator
LiAlH4

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11
Q

reactie degradarea Hofmann

A

amida nesubstituita + NaClO -> amina + CO2 + NaCl

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12
Q

obtinere acid sulfanilic si ortanilic

A

anilina + acid sulfuric -> sulfat acid de fenilamoniu care la 100 de grade -> acid fenilsulfamic care la 100 de grade -> 85% sulfanilic si 15% ortanilic, iar la 180-200 de grade 100% sulfanilic

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13
Q

intrebuintari trietanolamine si etanolaminele

A

captarea CO2 si H2S din gaze industriale
saruri cu AG sunt sapunuri neutre, emulgatori pentru lacuri si vopsele din cosmetica
etanolaminele in medicamente si cosmetica

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14
Q

ce sunt anilidele

A

amide de la anilina

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15
Q

formula vitamina H

A

acid 4 - aminobenzoic

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16
Q

cum se identifica aminele

A

reactia van slyke prin dozarea N2

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17
Q

conditii diazotare

A

0-5 grade celsius

18
Q

reactii sare de diazoniu cu eliminare de N2 + conditii

A

H2O la 50 de grade -> fenol
KI -> comp iodurat
HCN -> nitril

19
Q

cu ce pot cupla sarurile de diazoniu

A

fenoli, eteri sau aniline

20
Q

obtinerea metiloranjului

A

acid sulfanilic prin diazotare si cuplare cu N,N dimetilanilina

21
Q

sinonim metiloranj

A

heliantina, oranj III

22
Q

grupari cromofore

A

N=O, C=O, N=N, C=C, NO2, C=N

23
Q

grupe auxocrome

A

alcooli, eteri, amine

24
Q

ce contin coloratii azoici si functia lor

A

grupa solubilizanta (optional)
grupa cromofora - sunt colorate, aduc culoare dar nu coloreaza
grupa auxocroma - fixeaza culoarea

25
Q

grupe solubilizante

A

sulfat, acid carboxilic

26
Q

utilizare amine

A

fertilizanti

27
Q

denumire iupac amine primare

A

amino + nume hidrocarbura / nume hidrocarbuna + amina

28
Q

denumire iupac amine secundare

A

N- radical - amino - nume hidrocarbura / hidrocarbura + amina

29
Q

denumire iupac amine tertiare

A

N- radical - N- radical- amino - nume hidrocarbura / hidrocarbura + amina

30
Q

denumire iupac poliamine

A

numere + hidrocarbura + tri,di, amina

31
Q

solubilitate amine

A

amine inferioare solubile in H2O, toate aminele solubile in solutii de acizi tari si solventi polari protici (alcooli)

32
Q

cu ce fel de aizi pot forma aminele aromatice saruri si de ce?

A

doar cu acizi tari pentru ca sunt foarte slab bazice

33
Q

solubilitatea saruri amine

A

solubile in apa si solventi polari

34
Q

serie de reactivitate amine in reactia de alchilare

A

primara < secundara < tertiara

35
Q

serie de reactivitate halogenuri de alchil in reactia de alchilare

A

I > Br > Cl > F (ca la acizi)

36
Q

cu ce se pot alchila aminele?

A

comp halogenati
alcooli
oxid de etena
sulfati de alchil
sulfati acizi de alchil

37
Q

intrebuintari acid sulfanilic

A

coloranti si la fabricarea sulfamidelor

38
Q

ce culoare are colorantul format din sarea de diazoniu a anilinei si beta naftolul?

A

rosu

39
Q

variatii de culoare metiloranj si structura

A

pH < 3.1 este rosu (rearanjare a H si a leg duble, culoarea rezulta din formarea unor duble leg. conjugate)

pH > 4.5 este galben (grupa sulfonica disociata: SO3-)

40
Q

stari de agregare amine

A

toate

41
Q

reversibilitate reactii amine cu acizi

A

acizi tari - inversibile
acizi slabi / apa - reversibile

42
Q

eficacitatea agentilor de acilare

A

acizi < anhidride < cloruri