America 3.3 America and the Great Society

Question 1

How did Kennedy help Education and the economy in the New Frontier? (AM 3.3)

Answer 1

• ‘Peace Corps’ set up. Sends volunteers to assist poorer countries.
• Cut taxes, made 900m available to create jobs.
• Gave equipment grants to companies.
• Increased armed forces spending.

Question 2

How did Kennedy help Healthcare and poverty in the New Frontier? (AM 3.3)

Answer 2

• Hourly wage increased, and training for the unemployed.
• 4.9bn in loans to for housing, slums, roads and telephone lines.
• Social Security Act increased benefits.
• Funds for mental illness and rural areas.

Question 3

What criticisms did the New Frontier face? (AM 3.3)

Answer 3

• New equipment led to job loss, workers not needed.
• Unemployed only fell 1m between 1960 and 1963.
• Loans only useful to people who could repay.
• Funding for schools failed.
• CEEO did nothing for unemployed African-Americans.

Question 4

How did Johnson help Education in the Great Society? (AM 3.3)

Answer 4

• Operation Headstart gave money to poor cities.
• Elementary and Secondary Education Acts, funding for domestic Peace Corps, the VISTA programme.
• National Endowment for the Arts and Humanities gave grants.

Question 5

How did Johnson help the Economy in the Great Society? (AM 3.3)

Answer 5

• Job Corps helped school leavers get jobs.

- Minimum hourly wage increased by 15 cents.

Question 6

How did Johnson help Healthcare and Poverty in the Great Society? (AM 3.3)

Answer 6

• Housing act, Model Cities act cleared slums and built homes.
• Air and Water quality acts controlled pollution.
• Safety standards raised.
• Medicare funded healthcare for the elderly and poor.

Question 7

What did the 1963 report on women in jobs show? (AM 3.3)

Answer 7

• Earned 60% less than men.
• Only 5% of managers were women.
• 4% of lawyers and 7% of doctors were women.
• Part time and low responsibility was common.

Question 8

What 1963 book called for equality? What laws passed to help women? (AM 3.3)

Answer 8

• The Feminist Mystique, by Betty Friedan.

- 1963 Equal Pay Act and 1964 Civil Rights Act (banned discrimination in employment).

Question 9

Who were NOW? What did they want, and how many members did they have? How did they try to get it? (AM 3.3)

Answer 9

-National Organisation for Women. Wanted equal rights and the allowing of abortions in all states. They had 40,000 members and wrote to politicians, organised protests and took sexist companies to court.

Question 10

What was ‘Stop ERA’ and who led it? (AM 3.3)

Answer 10

-A protest against the Equal Rights Amendment in 1972 , led by Phyllis Schlafly. The campaign was successful.

Question 11

What was Roe V Wade? (AM 3.3)

Answer 11

• Lawyers argued Jane Roe (Norma McCorvey) should have an abortion after 2 kids already put up for adoption.
• 1973, Supreme court rules all women had rights to an abortion.

Question 12

What were criticisms of Johnson’s Great Society? (AM 3.3)

Answer 12

• 1959, 56% of African-Americans live in poverty.
• Too much spent on reforms.
• Involvement in Vietnam War.