AM - Pedigree Analysis

Question 1

What are the 3 primary patterns of inheritance?

Answer 1

1. Autosomal recessive
2. Autosomal dominant
3. Sex-linked (X-chromosomal)

Question 2

What are autosomal genes?

Answer 2

(Non sex-linked)
* Male and Female offspring equally likely to inherit trait

Question 3

What are some examples of autosomal recessive diseases? (4)

Answer 3

1. Phenylketonuria (PKU)
2. Albinism
3. Sickle-cell anaemia
4. Tay-Sachs disease

Question 4

What are some examples of autosomal dominant diseases? (2)

Answer 4

1. Huntington’s
2. Polydactylyl

Question 5

What is an example of location-dependent sex determination?

Answer 5

• Larvae on sea beds develop as females and attract larvae
• Larvae on top develop into males and fertilise females
• When the bottom female dies, the next up changes to female

Question 6

What is an example of temperature-dependent sex determination?

Answer 6

• The temperature of the embryo’s environment influences its sex development
• Common in reptiles

Occurs with the help of temperature-sensitive aromatase

Question 7

What system is used in birds and butterflies?

Answer 7

ZZ (males)

ZW (females)

Question 8

What is haplo-diploidy?

Answer 8

No sex chromosomes

• Males develop from unfertilized eggs and are haploid
• Females develop from fertilized eggs and are diploid

Question 9

What is the sex-determination in plants?

Answer 9

Monoecious- Male and female flowers on same plant

Dioecious- Male and female flowers on separate plants