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Block 12 - Neurological, Neuromuscular and Musculoskeletal Disease > ALS Lecture 6 - Cubital Fossa, Forearm and Wrist DONE > Flashcards

ALS Lecture 6 - Cubital Fossa, Forearm and Wrist DONE Flashcards

1
Q

location of cubital fossa

A

anterior to elbow joint

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2
Q

floor of cubital fossa

A

brachialis

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3
Q

roof of cubital fossa

A

skin, superficial fascia, aponeurosis of biceps brachii

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4
Q

lateral border of cubital fossa

A

brachioradialis

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5
Q

medial border of cubital fossa

A

pronator teres

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6
Q

superior border of cubital fossa

A

medial epicondyle, line between epicondyles

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7
Q

label all 4 diagrams of cubital fossa

A

done

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8
Q

on top of cubital fossa roof lies

A

median cubital vein

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9
Q

median cubital vein connects

A

cephalic and basilic veins

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10
Q

label the 2 diagrams of veins/nerves/arteries of cubital fossa

A

done

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11
Q

why is median cubital vein above cubital fossa important?

A

lot of venepuncture here

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12
Q

why is median cubital fossa good for venepuncture?

A

vessels and nerves in cubital fossa below are protected by bicipital aponeurosis

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13
Q

elbow fractures must be taken seriously as they can damage or compress

A

vessels/nerves in cubital fossa

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14
Q

compartments of forearm

A

anterior, posterior

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15
Q

anterior compartment of forearm contains

A

flexors of forearm

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16
Q

anterior compartment of forearm supplied by

A

median and ulnar nerves

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17
Q

label cadaver diagram of compartments of forearm

A

done

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18
Q

anterior compartment of forearm is split into 3 layers:

A

superficial, intermediate, deep

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19
Q

medial epicondyle known as

A

common flexor origin as flexors of forearm all start there

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20
Q

label the 2 diagrams of the superficial layer of the anterior flexor compartment

A

done

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21
Q

muscles in superficial layer of anterior flexor compartment

A

pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus

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22
Q

flexor carpi radialis goes to

A

radial side carpals

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23
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris goes to

A

ulnar side carpals

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24
Q

palmaris longus

A

vestigial muscle, may be absent

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25
Q

muscles in intermediate layer of anterior flexor compartment

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

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26
Q

point of origin of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

2 points, medial epicondyle and radius

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27
Q

at the wrist, the flexor digitorum supeficialis

A

splits into tendons, pass under flexor retinaculum

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28
Q

posterior compartment of forearm contains

A

extensors

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29
Q

posterior compartment of forearm supplied by

A

radial nerve

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30
Q

muscles in deep layer of anterior flexor compartment

A

flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus

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31
Q

flexor digitorum profundus

A

deep flexor of digit, tendons insert to base of distal phalanx of each finger

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32
Q

flexor pollicis longus

A

long flexor of thumb, tendon inserts into base of distal phalanx of thumb

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33
Q

pronator quadratus

A

pronates when contracts, pulls radius over ulna

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34
Q

pronator quadratus is responsible for

A

pronation

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35
Q

flexor pollicis longus is responsible for

A

flexion of thumb

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36
Q

flexor digitorum profundus is responsible for

A

flexion of digits

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37
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis is responsible for

A

flexion of digits

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38
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis attaches to

A

base of middle phalanx of each finger

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39
Q

flexor digitorum profundus attaches to

A

base of distal phalanx of each finger

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40
Q

flexor policis longus attaches to

A

base of distal phalanx of thumb

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41
Q

posterior compartment of forearm split into

A

superficial, deep

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42
Q

label the diagram of the intermediate layer of the anterior flexor compartment

A

done

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43
Q

label the 2 diagrams of the deep layer of the anterior flexor compartment

A

done

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44
Q

muscles in superficial layer of posterior extensor compartment

A

extensor carpi radialis, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi

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45
Q

posterior compartment of forearm contains

A

extensors

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46
Q

lateral epicondyle is known as

A

common extensor origin

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47
Q

extensor carpi radialis

A

goes to radial side carpals

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48
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris

A

goes to ulnar side carpals

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49
Q

extensor digitorum and extensor digiti minimi

A

large muscle, tendons go to most digits and to some digits twice

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50
Q

label the diagram of the superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm

A

done

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51
Q

muscles in deep layer of posterior extensor compartment

A

abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis

52
Q

label the diagram of the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm

A

done

53
Q

muscles in posterior deep layer tend to originate from

A

posterior forearm bones

54
Q

demonstrate and check wrist flexion

A

done

55
Q

demonstrate and check wrist extension

A

done

56
Q

demonstrate and check wrist abduction

A

done

57
Q

wrist abduction is also known as

A

radial deviation

58
Q

demonstrate and check wrist adduction

A

done

59
Q

wrist adduction is also known as

A

ulnar deviation

60
Q

label the pictures of wrist movements

A

done

61
Q

pronators of the forearm

A

pronator teres, pronator quadratus

62
Q

pronator teres

A

common flexor origin to radius, pulls radius over ulnar

63
Q

pronator quadratus

A

distal end of radius and ulna (horizontal), pulls radius over ulna

64
Q

supinators of the forearm

A

supinator, extensor indicis

65
Q

supinator

A

common extensor origin to back of radius

66
Q

label the diagram of the pronators

A

done

67
Q

label the diagram of the supinators

A

done

68
Q

label the diagrams of the wrist bones

A

done

69
Q

name the wrist bones, in a circle starting at the bottom and going clockwise

A

lunate, scaphoid, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate, pisiform, triquetrum

70
Q

ligament on lateral side of wrist

A

radial collateral ligament

71
Q

ligament on medial side of wrist

A

ulnar collateral ligament

72
Q

ligament separates radius and ulna

A

articular disc

73
Q

main joint between wrist and forearm is between

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, radius

74
Q

when we pronate our hand we bring our _____ over our _____

A

radius over ulna

75
Q

label the diagrams of supination and pronation

A

done

76
Q

label the tendons of the finger diagram

A

done

77
Q

superficialis tendon is from

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

78
Q

superficialis tendon lies ____ profundus tendon

A

above

79
Q

profundus tendon is from

A

flexor digitorum profundus

80
Q

superficialis tendon _____ as it comes into finger

A

splits

81
Q

superficialis tendon inserts into

A

either side of base of middle phalanx

82
Q

in between the split of the superficialis tendon passes the

A

profundus tendon

83
Q

profundus tendon inserts into

A

base of distal phalanx

84
Q

flexor digitorum profundus action

A

flexes distal phalanx at DIP joint

85
Q

why can’t you just flex the end of your finger (distal phalanx), without flexing the rest?

A

flexor digitorum profundus passes over other phalanges

86
Q

to test just the profundus tendon

A

hold rest of finger still, get pt to flex end

87
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis action

A

flexes middle phalanx at PIP joint

88
Q

to test just the superficialis tendon we

A

pull other digits back to stretch profundus, then flex digit being tested at PIP joint

89
Q

extensor digitorum location

A

superficial layer of posterior compartment (extensor) of forearm

90
Q

extensor digitorum sends a tendon to

A

4 fingers

91
Q

tendons of extensor digitorum pass over the

A

back of wrist, under extensor retinaculum

92
Q

extensor digitorum tendons splits to insert in 2 places…

A

base of middle phalanx, either side of base of distal phalanx

93
Q

extensor digitorum controls 2 joints, the

A

proximal and distal interphalangeal

94
Q

test extensor appartus of fingers by

A

push down on finger and ask pt to extend it

95
Q

look at diagram of extensor digitorum tendons

A

done

96
Q

where is the carpal tunnel between?

A

base of thumb and little finger

97
Q

_____ lies over carpal bones, forming carpal tunnel

A

aponeurosis

98
Q

through the carpal tunnel passes

A

tendons and nerves of hand

99
Q

median nerve supplies sensation to

A

palm, base of thumb

100
Q

tinging in palm, weakness in thumb

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

101
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome can be due to

A

swelling making carpal tunnel tight

102
Q

to help carpal tunnel syndrome we can

A

cutting aponeurosis

103
Q

label the diagrams of the carpal tunnel

A

done

104
Q

anatomical snuff box location

A

base of thumb (dorsal side, towards index finger)

105
Q

scaphoid fractures often occur

A

falling on outstretched hand

106
Q

scaphoid fractures are important as

A

blood supply to scaphoid may be impaired so will necrose

107
Q

pressing on anatomical snuff box will cause _____ in the event of ______

A

pain, scaphoid fracture

108
Q

head of the radius is held against humerus and ulna by the

A

annular ligament

109
Q

in children, radial head can easily be pulled out of annular ligament because

A

annular ligament and radius not properly formed

110
Q

label the diagram of scaphoid fracture

A

done

111
Q

label the diagrams of the elbow

A

done

112
Q

vessels of flexor (anterior) compartment

A

brachial artery, radial and ulnar arteries

113
Q

brachial artery course and splits

A

enters cubital fossa, splits into radial and ulnar arteries as it leaves

114
Q

ulnar artery stays close to

A

ulnar nerve

115
Q

median nerve continues down

A

middle of forearm, under flexor retinaculum to middle of wrist and hand

116
Q

radial artery passes down

A

radial wrist

117
Q

injuries to the ____ side of the wrist are more ____

A

ulnar, serious

118
Q

injuries to the ulnar side of the wrist are more serious because

A

ulnar nerve and artery run so close so if artery is cut nerve very likely to be damaged

119
Q

label diagrams of forearm vessels/nerves

A

done

120
Q

nerves that innervate the flexor (anterior) compartment of the forearm

A

median, ulnar

121
Q

nerve that innervates the extensor (posterior) compartment of the forearm

A

radial

122
Q

median nerve supplies

A

pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus and half of flexor digitorum profundus

123
Q

median nerve supplies all of the flexor muscles of the forearm except

A

flexor carpi ulnaris, half of flexor digitorum profundus

124
Q

ulnar nerve supplies

A

flexor carpi ulnaris, half of flexor digitorum profundus

125
Q

nerve that innervates the extensor (posterior) compartment

A

radial

126
Q

radial nerve innervates

A

all of posterior muscles of the forearm

127
Q

if we see a pin on the posterior aspect of the forearm, it is innervated by the

A

radial nerve

Block 12 - Neurological, Neuromuscular and Musculoskeletal Disease (28 decks)

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