ALS Lecture 1 - Functional and Clinical Anatomy of the Shoulder DONE Flashcards
clavicle connects to sternum at
suprasternal notch
glenohumeral joint type
ball and socket
glenohumeral joint is between
scapula and humerus
label skeletal surface anatomy of shoulder
done
anterior axillary fold
fold in front of axilla
posterior axillary fold
fold behind axilla
deltoid
bulk of shoulder tip
deltopectoral groove is where
deltoid meets pectoralis
deltopectoral/clavipectoral triangle is between the
clavicle, top of pectoralis, deltoid
label the anterior muscular surface anatomy of the shoulder
done
label the posterior muscular surface anatomy of the shoulder
done
latissimus dorsi goes from
lower back to axilla, diagonally
label the proximal humerus
done
proximal humerus is made up of
head, anatomical neck, surgical neck, greater and lesser tubercles, deltoid tuberosity
head of humerus articulates with
glenoid cavity of scapula
anatomical neck
narrow constriction immediately below head
where is the epiphysis of the humerus?
anatomical neck (site of growth)
greater and lesser tubercles of humerus serve as attachment sites for
4 rotator cuff muscles of glenohumeral joint
greater and lesser tubercles of humerus are separated by
deep intertubercular groove
surgical neck of humerus
long bone part below anatomical neck, most likely area of fracture
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
deltoid muscle inserts
fracture of surgical neck of humerus can cause loss of sensation because
axillary nerve winds round it
fracture of surgical neck of humerus causes loss of sensation in…
sergeant’s stripe area (check diagram)
label the scapula
done
processes on anterior side of scapula
coracoid and acromion
subscapular fossa
where subscapularis lies
spine of scapula ends in the…
acromion process
suprapinous fossa of scapula
above spine, where supraspinatus lies
infraspinous fossa of scapula
below spine, where infraspinatus lies
acromial end of clavicle is the most
lateral
acromial (lateral) end of clavicle articulates with
acromion process of scapula
sternal end of clavicle is the most
medial
sternal (medial) end of clavicle articulates with
manubrium of sternum and 1st costal cartilage
inferior surface of lateral 3rd of clavicle has a tuberosity made of the
conoid tubercle and trapezoid line
short muscles of rotator cuff
supraspinatus, infrapsinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
supraspinatus connects
supraspinous fossa of scapula to superior facet on greater tubercle on head of humerus
innervation of supraspinatus
suprascapular nerve (C5)
supraspinatus function
abducts humerus
infraspinatus connects
infraspinous fossa of scapula to posterior facet on greater tubercle on head of humerus
innervation of infraspinatus
suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)
infraspinatus function
externally rotates humerus
teres minor connects
lateral edge of scapula to inferior facet on greater tubercle on head of humerus
innervation of teres minor
axillary nerve (C5)
teres minor function
externally rotates humerus
subscapularis connects
subscapular fossa of scapula to lesser tubercle of humerus
innervation of subscapularis
subscapular nerve (C5-C6)
subscapularis function
internally rotates humerus
label short muscles of rotator cuff
done
label extrinsic long muscles of shoulder
done
coracoclavicular ligament connects
coracoid process of scapula and clavicle
coracoclavicular ligament is divided into
trapezoid and conoid ligament
coracoacromial ligament connects
coracoid and acromion processes of scapula
coracoaromial ligament function
deepens shoulder cavity
acromioclavicular ligament connects
clavicle and acromion of scapula
coracohumeral ligament connects
coracoid process of scapula and greater tubercle of humerus
glenohumeral ligament connects
lateral scapula and lesser tubercle of humerus
sternoclavicular ligament connects
clavicle and sternum
label the ligaments of the shoulder
done
shoulder joint
glenohumeral joint
glenoid cavity is ____ ____ in comparison to head of humerus
very small
acromioclavicular joint is the joint between the
acromion of scapula and clavicle
acromioclavicular joint is stablised by the
acromioclavicular ligament and coracoclavicular ligament
acromioclavicular joint gives us the ability to
raise arm above head
falls on outstretched hands force
glenoid medially, forces transmitted to clavicle via coracoclavicular ligament leading to tear of ligament or fracture of clavicle
sternoclavicular joint connects
manubrium of sternum and clavicle
labrum
fibrocartilaginous ring lines glenoid cavity
labrum function
deepens glenoid cavity
torn labrum is often the cause of
shoulder dislocation
frequent shoulder dislocation can lead to
labral tear
shoulder flexion
lift arm straight up
shoulder extension
move arm backwards straight
shoulder abduction
move arm away from body
shoulder adduction
move arm towards body
internal (medial) rotation of the shoulder
rotate forearm toward body
external (lateral) rotation of the shoulder
rotate forearm away from body
label the movements of the shoulder
done
between muscle and tendons at the shoulder tip is a
bursa
bursa is between
muscle and tendons at shoulder tip
a bursa is a
fluid-filled sac
bursa purpose
reduces friction
glenohumeral arc is between
60 and 120 degrees of arm lift
acromioclavicular arc is between
170 and 180 degrees of arm lift
supraspinatus tendonitis and bursitis tend to cause pain in the
glenohumeral arc
issues at the acromioclavicular joint tend to cause issues in the
acromioclavicular arc
why is abduction of the shoulder so complex?
scapula has to rotate to be fully abducted above head
